The ability of the oxidized and singly reduced species of several bipyridylium cations to cross the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli was studied to locate the sites of reaction of the dyes with anaerobic respiratory enzymes. Benzyl Viologen radical crossed the membrane rapidly, whereas the oxidized species did not. The oxidized or radical species of Methyl Viologen, Morfamquat or Diquat...

Cytoplasmic dynein is responsible for intra-cellular transport in eukaryotic cells. Using Fluctuating Finite Element Analysis (FFEA), a novel algorithm that represents proteins as continuum viscoelastic solids subject to thermal noise, we are building computational tools study the mechanics of these molecular machines. Here present methodology obtaining material parameters required represent fl...

Bacterial conjugative plasmids could carry genes involved in pesticide biodegradation. However, its conjugal transfer is affected by stressors such as metals. Our aim was to determine if bacterial cells exposed copper can conjugation the catabolic plasmid pRO101 and assessed expression of traK gene. Cupriavidus pinatubonensis AEO106 Pseudomonas putida KT2440 were used donor recipient strains, r...

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Infection with this bacterium is known to induce the development of autoantibodies of which a few are also known to be diagnostic markers for some other diseases. Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA's) are among those autoantibodies used in clinical setting for diagnosing systemic vasculitic sy...

It has been known for some years that the components of the lactate dehydrogenase reaction in liver are maintained in a steady-state believed to be close to thermodynamic equilibrium [ 1,2]. The ratio, [lactate]/[pyruvate] has thus been considered to reflect the ‘redox state’ (the ratio of ‘free’ [NAD]/ [NADH]) within the cytoplasmic compartment of the hepatic cell [3]. Analogous investigations...

A fraction previously isolated from acid-treated supernatant fraction of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography [Sauer, Mahadevan & Erfle (1984) Biochem. J. 221, 61-97] which was absolutely required for methane synthesis, has been separated into two compounds, tetrahydromethanopterin (H4MPT) and an as-yet-unidentified cofactor we call 'cytoplasmic cofactor'. H4MPT ...

Ten normally occurring methylated trace bases of cytoplasmic RNA extracted from P815 ascites cells were identified as thymine, 3-methylcytosine, 5-methylcytosine, jV2-methylguanine, JV2, A^-dimethylguanine, 1-methylguanine, 7-methylguanine, 1-methyladenine, 6-methyladenine, and jV*,yV6-dimethyladenine. When the carcinostatic drug, l-methyl-2-(p-isopropylcarbamoyl)benzylhydrazine hydrochloride (...

The adhesiveness of integrin L 2 is modulated by divalent cations. We mutated three metal ion-binding sites in the 2 I domain. The metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) and the ligandinduced metal-binding site are required for ligand binding and sufficient for synergism between Ca2 and Mg2 . Adjacent to MIDAS (ADMIDAS) mutants are constitutively active but remain bent, with poor exposure of...