When schedules of several operant trials must be successfully completed to obtain a reward, monkeys quickly learn to adjust their behavioral performance by using visual cues that signal how many trials have been completed and how many remain in the current schedule. Bilateral rhinal (perirhinal and entorhinal) cortex ablations irreversibly prevent this learning. Here, we apply a recombinant DNA...

Avian cells express three heat shock transcription factor (HSF) genes corresponding to a novel factor, HSF3, and homologs of mouse and human HSF1 and HSF2. Analysis of the biochemical and cell biological properties of these HSFs reveals that HSF3 has properties in common with both HSF1 and HSF2 and yet has features which are distinct from both. HSF3 is constitutively expressed in the erythrobla...

A bacterial plasmid containing 1.75 copies of double-stranded porcine circovirus (PCV) DNA in tandem (0.8 copy of PCV type 1 [PCV1], 0.95 copy of PCV2) with two origins of DNA replication (Ori) yielded three different DNA species when transformed into Escherichia coli: the input construct, a unit-length chimeric PCV1(Rep)/PCV2(Cap) genome with a composite Ori but lacking the plasmid vector, and...

DNA of human spumaretrovirus (HSRV) was cloned from both cDNA and from viral DNA into phage lambda and bacterial plasmid vectors. The recombinant plasmids harboring viral DNA were characterized by Southern blot hybridization and restriction mapping. Physical maps were constructed from cDNA and found to be colinear with the restriction maps obtained from viral DNA. The recombinant clones isolate...

The project is based on the combination of DNA Nanomachines with DNA Origamis. The main objective is to use DNA hybridization schemes and Origamis nano-platforms to construct hierarchical sequence of Boolean operations with modular structures. Watson Crick selective pairing between nucleotides has been found robust enough to devise a new kind of molecular motors (B. Yurke et al Nature 2000 406,...

In this paper, stickers are used to construct a solution space of DNA for the satisfiability (SAT) problem. Simultaneously DNA operations are applied in the sticker-based model to develop a DNA algorithm. The result of the proposed algorithm shows that the SAT problem is resolved with biological operation in the sticker-based model for solution space of sticker. Furthermore, this work presents ...

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide infection which is commonly asymptomatic but can cause serious medical problems in immunocompromised individuals and fetus. The infection also causes considerable economic loss because of abortion in livestock, mostly in sheep and goats. DNA vaccination may be a powerful approach against intracellular parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii. The goal of this study was t...

A whole-genome restriction map of Deinococcus radiodurans, a radiation-resistant bacterium able to survive up to 15,000 grays of ionizing radiation, was constructed without using DNA libraries, the polymerase chain reaction, or electrophoresis. Very large, randomly sheared, genomic DNA fragments were used to construct maps from individual DNA molecules that were assembled into two circular over...

Quantitative determination of dissociation constants for DNA-protein complexes will help clarify the molecular mechanisms of transcription, replication and DNA repair. A practical capillary electrophoresis mobility shift assay (CEMSA) for protein-DNA affinities free in solution is presented. The method is fast and simple, precise and general. The speed (<2 min separations) and simplicity derive...