The dragonfly algorithm was developed in 2016. It is one of the algorithms used by researchers to optimize an extensive series uses and applications various areas. At times, it offers superior performance compared most well-known optimization techniques. However, this faces several difficulties when utilized enhance complex problems. This work addressed robustness method solve real-world issues...

The large monopolar cells (LMC’s) of the dra­ gonfly lamina are second order interneurons that respond to input from photoreceptors with a tri­ phasic graded hyperpolarisation, consisting of an initial ‘on’ transient, a sustained plateau and a depolarising ‘off’ transient1. One of two general types of membrane process could generate the LMC hyperpolarisation which can attain amplitudes of up to...

Visual identification of targets is an important task for many animals searching for prey or conspecifics. Dragonflies utilize specialized optics in the dorsal acute zone, accompanied by higher-order visual neurons in the lobula complex, and descending neural pathways tuned to the motion of small targets. While recent studies describe the physiology of insect small target motion detector (STMD)...