We have recently generated lipophilic D-xylose derivatives that increase the rate of glucose uptake in cultured skeletal muscle cells in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent manner. The derivative 2,4:3,5-dibenzylidene-D-xylose-diethyl dithioacetal (EH-36) stimulated the rate of glucose transport by increasing the abundance of glucose transporter-4 in the plasma membrane of cultured...

We present the strong fluorescence effect, a new 392 nm emission peak appearing after binding of a naphtol-urea inhibitor XIIa to the enzyme epoxide hydrolase (EH), along with the quenching of the EH tryptophan fluorescence. We have studied the quenching of the 392-nm peak (attributed to XIIa bound inside the active center of the enzyme) of the mixture EH +XIIa by various strong transparent inh...

Spatial environmental heterogeneity (EH) is an important driver of species diversity, and its influence on species richness has been analysed for numerous taxa, in diverse ecological settings, and over a large range of spatial scales. The variety and ambiguity of concepts and terminology, however, have hampered comparisons among studies. Based on a systematic literature survey of 192 studies in...

We geometrically construct a homology theory that generalizes the Euler characteristic mod 2 to objects in the unoriented cobordism ring N∗(X) of a topological space X. This homology theory Eh∗ has coefficients Z/2 in every nonnegative dimension. There exists a natural transformation N∗(X) → Eh∗(X) that for X = pt assigns to each smooth manifold its Euler characteristic mod 2. The homology theo...

We report an in situ examination of individual Si p-n junction nanowires (NWs) using off-axis electron holography (EH) during transmission electron microscopy. The SiNWs were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition with an axial dopant profile from n- to p-type, and then placed inside the transmission electron microscope as a cantilever geometry in contact with a movable Pt probe for in situ b...

The notions of an event horizon, (EH), and stationary limit surface, (SLS), are important concepts in black hole physics. The former requires no comment, while the latter is less well-known. The SLS geometrically bounds a region outside the EH known as an ergosphere. Inside the ergosphere a test particle cannot travel along the orbit of a timelike Killing vector and remain at rest, and the red ...

Epoxide hydrolases (EH, EC 3.3.2.3) have been proposed to be key enzymes in the biosynthesis of polyether (PE) ladder compounds such as the brevetoxins which are produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. These enzymes have the potential to catalyze kinetically disfavored endo-tet cyclization reactions. Data mining of K. brevis transcriptome libraries revealed two classes of epoxide hydrola...