This paper describes an alternative view of the internationalization process in higher education by comparing the traditional and non-traditional indicators on how the level of internationalization is measured; additionally, barriers that exist on both sides are reviewed and discussed. As higher education institutions are very accustomed to and focused on the number of international students, i...

This paper explores how human development responds to selected macroeconomic shocks in Nigeria. The study employed the Sen’s capabilities approach as analytical and posited that level of education, health status, quality investment, technology, government fiscal monetary policies are plausible determinants development. We used Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) estimate responses such shoc...