In the words of Gary Doern, Ph.D., a colleague, collaborator, and friend, “Few people have made more significant and lasting contributions to the field of clinical microbiology than has Jim Jorgensen, not only as a dedicated practitioner but also as an extremely productive researcher, an uncommonly effective educator, a broad reaching author, and a lifelong advocate for the discipline.” Such se...

The present study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between ESP learners’ critical thinking abilities and their reading comprehension. For this purpose, from the population of students studying in different fields of engineering at Amol Islamic Azad University, a sample of 202 ESP participants were selected based on a purposive sampling method. A critical thinking questionnai...

In order to help our students learn English more effectively, we teachers of English need to place an equal emphasis both on designing suitable teaching materials and making use of effective teaching methodologies. Of the two types of teaching materials; namely authentic and non-authentic materials that are being used nowadays in schools and universities in most EFL countries, the use of the fo...

Vocabulary learning is considered to be the most comprehensive and the most difficult part of language learning for all the students especially for ESP students. These students complain that vocabulary items are too many and are easily forgotten after they are learned. Mnemonic devices, a group of mental strategies, are developed to facilitate vocabulary learning and retention for such students...

background. various educational approaches to learning have been proposed. it is, of course, of vital importance to study those that have resulted in effective educational achievements. purpose. to assess the student’s attitudes and performance in order to evaluate educational approaches and identify the variables leading to students gaining good marks. methods. the subjects of the study were m...

Mathematics teachers and educational researchers ordered arithmetic and algebra problems according to their predicted problem-solving difficulty for students. Predictions deviated systematically from algebra students’ performances but closely matched a view implicit in textbooks. Analysis of students’ problem-solving strategies indicates specific ways that students’ algebraic reasoning differs ...

pupose: to use non-text books in the programmed educational systems is important to deep and stabilized the content of the textbooks in students. therefore, it is essential to identify books that have the characteristics of a suitable book. the main purpose of this study is to provide a list of suitable non-textbooks compatible with the content of the primary school social science and science t...