background: lidocaine is a local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic agent. there are reports on accidental and intentional cases of poisoning following injection of lidocaine while rare are the fatal cases realized after oral ingestion of lidocaine. suicidal poisoning with lidocaine pharmaceutical formulations is rare since no pharmaceutical dosage forms for oral use are available except gels and sp...

A striking result of McDuff and Schlenk asserts that in determining when a four-dimensional symplectic ellipsoid can be symplectically embedded into ball, the answer is governed by an "infinite staircase" determined odd-index Fibonacci numbers Golden Mean. Here we study embeddings one another, show if target rational, then infinite staircase phenomenon found quite rare. Specifically, rational c...

Weighted composition operators appear in the study of dynamical systems and also in characterizing isometries of some classes of Banach spaces. One of the most important generalizations of weighted composition operators, are generalized weighted composition operators which in special cases of their inducing functions give different types of well-known operators like: weighted composition operat...

  We consider the two well knownminimax and minisum single facility location problems in the plane which has been divided into two regions, and by a straight line. The two regions are measured by various norms . We focus on three special cases in which the regions and are measured by and norms, and block norms, two distinct block norms. Based on the properties of block norms then we use linear ...

Pollard’s rho method is the asymptotically fastest known attack for the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) except special cases. It works by giving a pseudo-random sequence defined by an iteration function and then detecting a collision in the sequence. We note that the number of iterations before obtaining a collision is significant for the running time of the rho method and dep...

This paper uses Labor Force Survey data for European countries to estimate national investment in assets, where the asset boundary is extended beyond that software and databases as currently defined System of National Accounts. We find that: (a) 2011–2018, 1.4 percent EU-28 employment was engaged formation (software and) with a mean growth rate 5 per annum; (b) on average 2011–2016, expanding r...

where the summation is over the n! permutations of (1,2, . . . , n). It is the same as the determinant except that all the terms have positive sign. Despite this similarity, while there are efficient algorithms for computing the determinant all known methods for evaluating the permanent take exponential time. This discrepancy is annoyingly obvious even for small matrices, and has been noted rep...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The primary providers of health services are general dental practitioners (GDPs), who must routinely do the diagnosis and treatment planning except in complicated cases. The present study evaluation of a referral system to endodontists among a group of GDPs in Iran. METHODS: This descriptive study was performed on 620 Iranian general dentists. A questionnaire with an accepte...