STUDY DESIGN Three types of anterior thoracolumbar multisegmental fixation were biomechanically compared in construct stiffness and rod-screw strain. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of rod diameter and rod number on construct stiffness and rod-screw strain in anterior thoracolumbar multisegmental instrumentation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA No studies have been undertaken to investigat...

the coordinate transformation allows the exact calculation of some electrode configurations. in this paper the prolate spherical coordination transformation is used to calculate the field of a hyperboloiderod against plan electrode. the exact field is caculated using two new parameters: 1) electrodes spacing and 2) the radius of curvature of the tip of the rod electrode. the partial discharge i...

Abstract The nonstationary conjugate radiation-convective heat transfer of a single silicon rod heated by an electric current with the surrounding gas medium is studied numerically in axisymmetric formulation finite element method. calculations were carried out at Prandtl number Pr = 0.68, and range Grashof number, determined temperature difference radius 9 703 ≤ Gr 261 977. It shown that after...

Postmenopausal women with vertebral fractures have abnormal bone microarchitecture at the distal radius and tibia by HR-pQCT, independent of areal BMD. However, whether trabecular plate and rod microarchitecture is altered in women with vertebral fractures is unknown. This study aims to characterize the abnormalities of trabecular plate and rod microarchitecture, cortex, and bone stiffness in p...