Poor water solubility for many drugs and drug candidates remains a major obstacle to their development and clinical application. Conventional formulations to improve solubility suffer from low bioavailability and poor pharmacokinetics, with some carriers rendering systemic toxicities (e.g. Cremophor(®) EL). In this review, several major nanonization techniques that seek to overcome these limita...

[1] We describe a new method for precise measurement of Kr/N2 ratios in air bubbles trapped in ice cores and the first reconstruction of atmospheric Kr/N2 during the last glacial maximum (LGM) 20,000 years ago. After gravitational correction, the Kr/N2 record in ice cores should represent the atmospheric ratio, which in turn should reflect past ocean temperature change due to the dependence of ...

Membrane technology can be used for both post combustion carbon dioxide capture and acidic gas sweetening and dehydration of natural gas. These processes are especially suited for polymeric membranes with polyether functionality, because of the high affinity of this species for both H₂O and CO₂. Here, both crosslinked polyethylene glycol diacrylate and a polyether-polyamide block copolymer (PEB...

BACKGROUND It is not readily obvious whether an intravascular bubble will grow or shrink in a particular tissue bed. This depends on the constituent gases initially present in the bubble, the surrounding tissue, and the delivered gas admixture. The authors used a computational model based on the physics of gas exchange to predict cerebrovascular embolism behavior during xenon anesthesia. METH...