A 3-kb region, located downstream of the Lactobacillus brevis xylA gene (encoding D-xylose isomerase), was cloned in Escherichia coli TG1. The sequence revealed two open reading frames which could code for the D-xylulose kinase gene (xylB) and another gene (xylT) encoding a protein of 457 amino acids with significant similarity to the D-xylose-H+ symporters of E. coli, XylE (57%), and Bacillus ...

 The Indian riverine buffaloes are more susceptible to variations in the environment. These variations affect seminal plasma proteins, which in turn affect fertility. This study was conducted to evaluate variations in the Indian Bubalus bubalis seminal plasma protein profile using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) during winter and summer seasons, and its relation wit...

The sucrose hydrolysis and the preference of consumption of glucose instead of fructose were investigated for the production of 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-γ-pyrone (HHMP) in the presence of Aspergillus flavus IOC 3974 cultivated in liquid Czapeck medium. Standardized 0.5g of pellets were transferred as inoculum into twelve conical flasks of 250 ml containing 100 ml of medium with different sucro...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most important industrial microorganism used to fuel ethanol production worldwide. Herein, we obtained a mutant S. strain with improved capacity for fermentation, from 13.72% (v/v wild-type strain) 16.13% strain), and analyzed its genomic structure gene expression changes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes (KEGG) enrichment revealed that changed genes were main...

Background: Cyclophosphamide is widely prescribed as an anti-cancer drug and used immunosuppressant. Hemorrhagic cystitis one of the common complications cyclophosphamide intake. We hypothesized that endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins could be altered in urothelium treated with cyclophosphamide. Objectives: checked effect on expression various Vero cells. Methods: cells varying doses...

Bullous pemphigoid-like epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is an autoantibody-driven, granulocyte-mediated skin disease. The role of cellular metabolism and its potential as a therapeutic target in EBA are unknown.We investigated the effect 2-deoxy-D-glucose metformin antibody transfer model EBA. Both attenuated disease this model. Subsequently, we demonstrate that stimulation neutrophils by...

The class A macrophage scavenger receptor Msr1 (SR-A, CD204) has been reported to participate in the maintenance of immunological tolerance. We investigated the role of Msr1 in a mouse model of autoantibody-dependent arthritis. Genetic deficiency of Msr1 in K/BxN TCR transgenic mice decreased the incidence and severity of arthritis because of decreased autoantibody production. Despite normal in...

Trypanosoma evansi, which causes surra, is descended from Trypanosoma brucei brucei, which causes nagana. Although both parasites are presumed to be metabolically similar, insufficient knowledge of T. evansi precludes a full comparison. Herein, we provide the first report on the subcellular localisation of the glycolytic enzymes in T. evansi, which is a alike to that of the bloodstream form (BS...

In the K/BxN mouse model of arthritis, autoantibodies against glucose-6-phosphate isomerase cause joint-specific inflammation and destruction. We have shown using micro-positron emission tomography that these glucose-6-phosphate isomerase-specific autoantibodies rapidly localize to distal joints of mice. In this study we used micro-positron emission tomography to delineate the stages involved i...