BACKGROUND There has been renewed interest in the cochlear duct length (CDL) for preoperative cochlear implant electrode selection and postoperative generation of patient-specific frequency maps. The CDL can be estimated by measuring the A-value, which is defined as the length between the round window and the furthest point on the basal turn. Unfortunately, there is significant intra- and inter...

A commercial TEM grid was used as a mask for the creation of extremely well-organized gold micro-/nano-structures on a glass substrate via a high temperature annealing process at 500 °C. The structured substrate was (bio)functionalized and used for the high throughput LSPR immunosensing of different concentrations of a model protein named bovine serum albumin.

This paper presents a low-actuation-voltage micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) capacitive shunt switch which has a very large bandwidth (4 GHz to 24 GHz). In this work, the isolation of MEMS switch is improved by adding two short high impedance transmission lines at the beginning and end of a coplanar waveguide (CPW). Simulating the switch demonstrates that a return loss (S11) is less than -...

We introduce two essential building blocks with binary stiffness for mechanical digital machines. The large scale fully compliant mechanisms have rectilinear and rotational kinematics use a new V-shaped negative structure to create extreme states of by static balancing. bistable switch allows us toggle between near-zero-stiffness high-stiffness states, effectively turning off on stiffness. A re...

Electrochemical desorption of a patterned, self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of an organothiol on a gold surface can be used to control the shape of drops of liquid hexadeSanethio1 (HDT) on the surface. The contact angle of HDT drops on a thin, transparent film of gold (100 A thick) under an aqueous electrolyte solution could be varied from 128 f 2" when the gold was held at -1.7 V (vs Ag pseudore...

Microelectrode arrays increasingly serve to extracellularly record in parallel electrical activity from many excitable cells without inflicting damage to the cells by insertion of microelectrodes. Nevertheless, apart from rare cases they suffer from a low signal to noise ratio. The limiting factor for effective electrical coupling is the low seal resistance formed between the plasma membrane an...

Epitaxial graphene is of particular interest because of its tunable electronic structure. One important approach to tune the electronic properties of graphene relays on intercalating atomic species between graphene and the topmost silicon carbide layer. Here, we investigated the morphology and electronic structure of gold-intercalated epitaxial graphene using a multitechnique approach combining...