shiite scholars have always been concerned with the question of authenticity of hadiths of infallible-innocent personalities from the very beginning. text criticism and consideration of contextual criticism of hadiths is a significant component in this connection. evidence available indicates that text criticism of hadiths, whose consideration had been rooted in shi‘a imams’ directions, has had...

Background: The role of wound drainage after total knee arthroplasty is still considered controversial as althoughclosed drainage systems have been believed to be effective in decreasing the post-operative complications, they couldalso facilitate the bleeding and increase the rate of transfusion and infection. We have conducted the current study tocompare the outcomes superficial subcutaneous, ...

Critical reflection is integral to the action learning cycle (Kolb 1984) which underpins much present day extension theory. How often, however, do extension programs conduct an impact analysis to formally evaluate achievements against desired outcomes and so gain insights into the effectiveness of different extension strategies used? In 2008, two Integrated Pest Management (IPM) project teams w...

OBJECTIVES Patients and policy makers advocate that drug treatments should be individualised. However, the term is used in a variety of ways. We set out to identify the range of related terminology and concepts in the general field of individualisation, map out the relationships between these concepts and explore how patients' perspectives are considered. DESIGN We consulted members of an est...