objective(s): to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (pparg) with essential hypertension (eh) and additional role of gene– high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl) interaction. materials and methods:a total of 1640 patients with eh (806 males, 834 females), with a mean age of 52.5±12.6 years, were selec...

Background and Objective: Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) is a class II membrane glycoprotein that binds to insulin α receptor and can interfere in insulin signaling pathway. Transcription factor-7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is a transcription factor which plays a critical role in pancreatic β cell activity. ENPP1 and TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms may have functional role in suscep...

Protein content is one of the main factors determining end-use quality wheat. NO APICAL MERISTEM-B1 (NAM-B1) a major gene regulating wheat grain protein content. The present study aimed to identify new genetic resources using wild-type NAM-B1 allele breed high-protein-content cultivars. We genotyped HIGH GRAIN PROTEIN CONTENT-B1 (GPC-B1) locus and in 165 A kompetitive allele-specific polymerase...

Background: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex is a gene family involved in antigen presentation associated with protection or susceptibility to inflammatory, infectious and autoimmune diseases. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which HLA molecules play a role in the initiation and development of the disease through presentation of self or foreign antigens to T cells. Obje...

honeybee is a pollinator that has prominent role in agriculture products and nourishment for human. so, the most number of studies like genetic improvement were done on honeybee. recent advances in knowledge of molecular genetics of bee emphasize the potential for using genetic markers to select favored traits. this research was done to determine polymorphism of loci of first foraging age (aff)...