The world faces both an energy crisis and the problem of global warming due to increasing emissions of green-house gases, particularly CO2. Because of dwindling petroleum reserves in the USA, there is an urgent need to develop alternative fuels. Bioderived fuels are one of the most viable and affordable alternatives. We focus on several biofuels, specifically dimethyl-ether (DME), a clean fuel ...

The microbial community response to a neat ethanol release (E100, 76 l) onto residual hydrocarbons in sandy soil was evaluated in a continuous-flow 8 m(3) pilot-scale aquifer tank, simulating a release at a bulk fuel terminal. Microbial genotypic shifts were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. High ethanol concentrations in the capillary fringe at potentially toxic levels, excee...

Many oxygenated hydrocarbon species formed during combustion, such as furans, are highly toxic and detrimental to human health and the environment. These species may also increase the hygroscopicity of soot and strongly influence the effects of soot on regional and global climate. However, large furans and associated oxygenated species have not previously been observed in flames, and their form...

Low-lying coastal areas and archipelago countries are particularly threatened by the impacts of climate change. Concurrently, many island states still rely on extensive use imported fossil fuels, above all diesel for electricity generation, in addition to hydrocarbon-based fuels supply aviation marine transportation. Land area is usually scarce conventional renewable energy solutions cannot be ...

In the current study, an effort is carried out to study influence of pentanol as low reactive fuel (LRF) along with diesel and Thevetia peruviana methyl ester (TPME) high fuels (HRF) in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine. The experiments are conducted on dual engine at 50% load for RCCI mode operation by varying percentage injected fuels. results revealed that 10% exhibite...

The present study aimed to analyze the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbon transfer cyclic through consumption of Binni fish (Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi) at Huralazim wetland and estimates the risk of consumption at 7 stations of Huralazim wetland in spring 2018 (one season). A statistic populations included sediment (n=21), water (n=21) and fish (n=21). The concentration of aromatic hydrocarb...

A systematic study of two-staged upgrading process of vacuum residue for light fuel production has been carried out in a semi-batch binary reactor apparatus over Y, ZSM-5 and alkaline treated ZSM-5 zeolites. Prepared catalyst samples were characterized with XRD and BET. Density and Viscosity physical properties parameters estimation, as well as GC/SIMDIS analyses were conducted on liquid produc...

The push toward the miniaturization of electro-mechanical devices and the resulting need for micro-power generation (milli-watts to watts) with low-weight, long-life devices has led to the recent development of the field of micro-scale combustion. The concept behind this new field is that since batteries have low specific energy, and liquid hydrocarbon fuels have a very high specific energy, a ...