Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) protect against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI). However, a large number of transplanted BMSCs often undergo apoptosis, which severely affects the treatment outcome. Previous studies have demonstrated that hypoxic preconditioning effectively increases the survival rate of BMSCs following transplantation, and increases...

Upregulation of the erythropoietin (EPO)/EPO receptor (EPOR) system plays a protective role against chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (hypoxic PH) through enhancement of endothelial nitric oxide (NO)-mediated signaling. Genistein (Gen), a phytoestrogen, is considered to ameliorate NO-mediated signaling. We hypothesized that Gen attenuates and prevents hypoxic PH. In vivo, Sprague-D...

Tissue hypoxia leads to activation of endogenous adaptive responses that involve a family of prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHD1-3) with oxygen sensing properties, hypoxia inducible transcription factors (HIFs), and cytoprotective HIF target genes such as erythropoietin (EPO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The hypoxic induction of these genes is regulated by oxygen-dependen...

Acute hypoxia produces an increase in ventilation. When the hypoxia is sustained, the initial increase in ventilation is followed by a decrease in ventilation. Hypoxia causes changes in brain neurotransmitters depending on its severity and durations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate for hypoxic ventilatory response in rabbits....

To assess effects of smooth muscle energy state and intracellular pH (pH(i)) on pulmonary arterial tone during hypoxia, we measured ATP, phosphocreatine, P(i), and pH(i) by (31)P-NMR spectroscopy and isometric tension in phenylephrine-contracted rings of porcine proximal intrapulmonary arteries. Hypoxia caused early transient contraction followed by relaxation and late sustained contraction. En...

The cytotoxicities of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) and of three recently developed dichloro complexes of bivalent platinum with radiosensitizing ligands [(1,2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene)dichloroplatinum(II) (Plato), trans-bis(2-amino-5-nitrothiazole)dichloroplatinum(II) (Plant), and trans-bis(2-nitroimidazole)dichloroplatinum(II) (NIPt)] were evaluated at 37 degrees C, 42 degrees C, and ...

background: the mechanism of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (hpv) is still debatable. it has been proposed that reactive oxygen species (ros) might be involved in hpv. however, there is no special transporter for superoxide anion in the cell membrane and it may release from the cells via anion exchanger. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of ros and anion ex...

INTRODUCTION The Beacon Community Cooperative Agreement Program supports interventions, including care-delivery innovations, provider performance measurement and feedback initiatives, and tools for providers and consumers to enhance care. Using a learning health system framework, we examine the Beacon Communities' processes in building and strengthening health IT (HIT) infrastructures, specific...

From 1971 to 1982, the RAND Health Insurance Experiment (HIE) in the United States randomly allocated families to health insurance plans with zero, 25%, 50% or 95% copayments.2 The study found that “Cost sharing in general had no adverse effects on participant health”. This finding might support a copayment. However, the study also provides evidence against copayments by emphasising the finding...