Animal behavior is often altruistic. In the frame of the theory of natural selection, altruism can only exist under specific conditions like kin selection or reciprocal cooperation. We show that reciprocal cooperation, which is generally invoked to explain non-kin altruism, requires very restrictive conditions to be stable. Some of these conditions are not met in many cases of altruism observed...

product-form queueing networks are considered which allow for conceptual job initiations and terminations (such as a central server model). It is shown that the product-form expression can be parameterized with either mean job resource usages, total server busy times, or overall server utilizations. Measurement and computational efficiencies resulting from these alternative parameterizations ar...

Modern frameworks for development of graphical interfaces are using the native controls of the operating system. Because of that they are using operating system events model for inter-component communication. We consider a method to increase inter-component communication speed by sending messages from one component to the other passing over the operating system. Besides the messages subscriptio...

Caste and religion are integral components of Indian society since the time immemorial. These two systems create water tight compartment between communities and bring division, hatred and tension among various social groups. Marriages within the same caste and same religion is the norm of the Indian society. To think of marriages between different castes and different religions is a difficult a...

Extant rhinos are the largest extant herbivores exhibiting dietary specialisations for both browse and grass. However, the adaptive value of the wear-induced tooth morphology in rhinos has not been widely studied, and data on individual cusp and tooth positions have rarely been published. We evaluated upper cheek dentition of browsing Diceros bicornis and Rhinoceros sondaicus, mixed-feeding R. ...

Dynamic translation and optimization systems employ code caches to improve performance and to support reuse of dynamically generated code sequences within a single run of an application. However, these intra-application caching techniques are ineffective at amortizing runtime costs on shortrunning applications or scripts that repeatedly invoke the same application. For these situations, dynamic...

S i n c e N o v e m b e r 7 , 1996, (he Ga/i/eo orbifa/ tour of Jupjfer and jts m o o n s (Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa) is routinely supporied by a massive array of large antennas: two 70-meter antennas in GDSCC2 (California) and CDSCC3 (Australia), a 64meter antenna at Parkes (Australia), and addifiona/ 34-reefer antennas at CDSCC. The scope of this array is unprecedented it operates daily ...

The Norwegian Dependency Treebank is a new syntactic treebank for Norwegian Bokmål and Nynorsk with manual syntactic and morphological annotation, developed at the National Library of Norway in collaboration with the University of Oslo. It is the first publically available treebank for Norwegian. This paper presents the core principles behind the syntactic annotation and how these principles we...

Although the terms "breathy" and "rough" are frequently applied to pathological voices, widely accepted definitions are not available and the relationship between these qualities is not understood. To investigate these matters, expert listeners judged the dissimilarity of pathological voices with respect to breathiness and roughness. A second group of listeners rated the voices on unidimensiona...