background: intestinal protozoa transmitted by food are the most common opportunistic parasites among the hiv+/aids patients. as, there is no report about prevalence of food-borne intestinal parasites in such patients in yazd, so this study was performed to determine the prevalence of intestinal protozoa in the hiv+/aids patients in comparison with hiv- individuals. methods: a case-control stud...

Mutations in the ATP4A proton pump prevent gastric acidification and explain chronic autoimmune gastritis scenario that conducts neuroendocrine tumor (gNET) formation. Here, we wanted to investigate co-occurrence cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection intestinal inflammation presented all members of a family affected with gNET carrying an mutation. Intestinal persisted after CMV eradication anemia tre...

Celiac disease is an immune-mediated intestinal disorder that may be associated with other immunemediated extra-intestinal disorders, including immune-mediated endocrine diseases, such as autoimmune thyroiditis, most often with hypothyroidism. Other monoglandular autoimmune endocrine disorders may also occur, including autoimmune adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease). In celiac disease, cli...

The gut microbiota has recently evolved as a new important player in the pathophysiology of many intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. The liver is the organ which is in closest contact with the intestinal tract, and is exposed to a substantial amount of bacterial components and metabolites. Various liver disorders such as alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic liver disease and primary scle...

Non-systemic drugs act within the intestinal lumen without reaching the systemic circulation. The first generation included polymeric resins that sequester phosphate ions, potassium ions, or bile acids for the treatment of electrolyte imbalances or hypercholesteremia. The field has evolved towards non-absorbable small molecules or peptides targeting luminal enzymes or transporters for the treat...

Irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders that significantly impair quality of life in patients. Current available treatments are still not effective and the pathophysiology of this condition remains unclearly defined. Recently, research on intestinal stem cells has greatly advanced our understanding of various GI disorders. Alterations in con...

The importance of gastrointestinal motility and gut perception in medicine has been long recognized. Physiologically, these key functions ensure normal unperceived feeding and digestion, crucial aspects of health and wellbeing. Conversely, pathophysiological disturbances may produce digestive symptoms, which are common in the general population and may range from the simply annoying to the inca...

Berberine is one of the main active constituents of Rhizoma coptidis, a traditional Chinese medicine, and has long been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of berberine on the intestinal mucosal barrier damage in a rat uremia model induced by the 5/6 kidney resection. Beginning at postoperative week 4, the uremia rats w...

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of synchronized intestinal electrical stimulation (SIES) on small intestinal motility in dogs. Seventeen dogs were equipped with a duodenal cannula for the measurement of small bowel motility using manometry; an additional cannula was equipped in six of the dogs with 1.5 m distal to the first one for the measurement of small intestinal transit. T...

Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1), which is one of the main ingredients derived from Panax ginseng, has been widely used to treat various gastrointestinal disorders. The present study aimed to determine whether GRb1 was able to prevent intestinal mucosal barrier damage in rats following peritoneal air exposure for 3 h. GRb1 (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) was orally administrated via gavage four times prior to and ...