AIM To assess the consistency in the histological reporting of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) among experienced histopathologists. METHOD One hundred anal biopsy specimens were retrieved from archival material at St Mark's Hospital, London and graded by five histopathologists according to criteria outlined by Fenger (six point scale, ranging from normal to invasive carcinoma). RESULTS...

OBJECTIVE To compare five strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs), including those that incorporate colposcopy and a new technology, fluorescence spectroscopy. METHODS On the basis of a health care perspective, we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision-analytic model for the diagnosis and management of SILs. We compared ...

There is no consensus on optimal screening for anal cancer (AC) in HIV+ women. Seven hundred fifteen unique asymptomatic women in a high-prevalence HIV+ community were screened for AC with anal cytology and triage to high-resolution anoscopy after routine screening was implemented in a large urban hospital system. Of these, 75 (10.5%) had an abnormal anal cytology and 29 (38.7%) of those with a...

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to evaluate knowledge of cervical dysplasia and human papillomavirus (HPV) among women seen in a colposcopy clinic. STUDY DESIGN Demographics, knowledge, and psychological distress were assessed in structured interviews with 175 women before, during, and after colposcopy. RESULTS Respondents had low knowledge scores before and after colposcopy; however, t...

This editorial describes the contents of this special issue of Sexual Health devoted to anal cancer. The aim of the issue is to provide readers with information to assist them in making decisions about what to do about detecting anal cancer early in men who have sex with men with HIV. Should they be advocating screening? It discusses the epidemiology of HPV infection, anal intraepithelial neopl...

BACKGROUND To investigate the indications of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and its overtreatment rates for the see and treat and three step strategies in cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined cytology (ASC-US) and low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGSIL) cytology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed colposcopy directed biopsy (CDB) and LEEP results...

ocular surface may be involved by different neoplastic lesions ranging from benign to highly malignant. recognition of risk factors, clinical presentations, pathology, and different therapeutic modalities is essential for selecting an appropriate approach. this article deals with the proper approach to ocular surface squamous neoplasia (ossn) including conjunctival/corneal intraepithelial neopl...

Patients with longstanding inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. A causal link between chronic inflammation and cancer is well recognized. Precursor lesions include flat dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia) and elevated dysplasia, also known as dysplasia-associated lesion or mass (DALM) [1]. A 52-year-old woman with 20-year history of ulcerative colitis ...

Telomere length shortening appears to be one of the earliest in the initiation of epithelial carcinogenesis. It may lead to further activation of the DNA damage cellular response pathways. For instance, telomere instability occurs in most cases of early and preinvasive stage of bladder, prostate, cervix, colon, esophageal, or breast cancer (1, 2). In our study (1), preneoplastic lesions (especi...

BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women might have a different human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution in cervical dysplasia specimens as compared to the general population. This has implications for primary prevention. OBJECTIVE We aimed to obtain preliminary data on the HPV genotypes prevalent in histological samples of HIV-infected w...