Citizen science has gained widespread currency as a tool for ecological research over the past decade. However, in the discipline of urban ecology, the existing contributions and future potential of citizen science engagement, specifically in terms of knowledge gain, have not yet been comprehensively explored. Here, we present a systematic review of published work on the urban ecology of birds ...

This paper examines the issues of integrating scientific knowledge and it attempts to reveal the potential of a more fundamental model of interdisciplinary science. Proposed is an approach which joins process science with process philosophy through a unifying hypothesis, intended to change the current mechanistic world view to one that is adaptive, flexible, integrated and process-oriented. It ...

I this paper, 1) a delineation of main theoretical, methodological and applicative issues of landscape ecology, 2) a comparison between landscape and ecosystem ecology, 3) a critical overview of actual limits of landscape ecology, are depicted. We conclude that: a) from a theoretical viewpoint, ecosystem and landscape ecology differ since they deal with ecological topics having very different s...

Population demography is central to fundamental ecology and for predicting range shifts, decline of threatened species, and spread of invasive organisms. There is a mismatch between most demographic work, carried out on few populations and at local scales, and the need to predict dynamics at landscape and regional scales. Inspired by concepts from landscape ecology and Markowitz's portfolio the...

Nowadays, the fundamental science of software engineering is being formed. It should represent knowledge that meets requirements concept sustainable development. This could be named as Software Engineering Ecology. Along with others, it include a section containing about ecosystems. future has been intensively developing for more than fifteen years. However, today, there no consen- sus among re...

This paper explores the effect of spatial processes in a heterogeneous environment on the dynamics of a hostparasitoid interaction. The environment consists of a lattice of favourable (habitat) and hostile (matrix) hexagonal cells, whose spatial distribution is measured by habitat proportion and spatial autocorrelation (inverse of fragmentation). At each time step, a fixed fraction of both popu...

European bats Charlotte L. Walters*, Robin Freeman, Alanna Collen, Christian Dietz, M. Brock Fenton, Gareth Jones, Martin K. Obrist, Sébastien J. Puechmaille, Thomas Sattler, Björn M. Siemers, Stuart Parsons† and Kate E. Jones† Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK; Bat Conservation Trust, Quadrant House, 250 Kennington Lane, London, SE11 5RD, UK;...