Written feedback commentary (WFC) on L2 student writing is a widespread and time-intensive teacher practice, serving range of roles purposes. One the challenges in providing effective WFC attending to many content delivery options that are possible, some which have been shown exert tangible effects students their texts. This article presents typology characteristics teachers’ written comments, ...

Abstract Existing sampling methods in language typology strive to control for areal biases typological datasets as a means avoid contact effects the distribution of linguistic structure. However, none these provide ways directly compare scenarios from perspective. This paper addresses this gap by introducing procedure worldwide comparisons scenarios. The unit consists sets three languages. Focu...

The focus of this study is the role previously acquired languages in acquisition a third language (L3). It focused on cross-linguistic influences (CLI) German/Spanish lan- guage (TLA) by learners with Croatian first (L1) and English second (L2). Participants were third-year undergraduate students at Roch- ester Institute Technology’s subsidiary Croatia (RIT Croatia). All participants had exclus...

Isolating-Monocategorial-Associational (IMA) Language is language with the following three properties: (a) morphologically isolating, without word-internal morphological structure; (b) syntactically monocategorial, without distinct syntactic categories; and (c) semantically associational, without distinct construction-specific semantic rules, compositional semantics relying instead on the assoc...

This paper proposes a typology concerning errors and linguistic structures found in the source text that have an impact on Machine Translation (MT). The main objectives of this project were firstly, to make comparison between error typologies analyze them according their suitability; annotated data build data-driven while adapting previous existing typologies; distinction produced by users agen...

the quranic gramatical inflection (e,rab)and analyzing of this holy text based on the arabic rules and grammar is one of the oldest quranic sciences. on the other hand, for some reasons different gramatical inflections are mentioned or are probable sometimes for one or some words or phrases in quran. here, there is a need to justify these gramatical inflections or to analyze their authenticity....