Hierarchical properties characterize elephant fission-fusion social organization whereby stable groups of individuals coalesce into higher order groups or split in a predictable manner. This hierarchical complexity is rare among animals and, as such, an examination of the factors driving its emergence offers unique insight into the evolution of social behaviour. Investigation of the genetic bas...

Ab~lraet--Methods for design of residence probability (RP) controllers for linear stochastic systems are developed. The design of RP controllers requires the selection of a controller gain and an initial 'lock in' set. The controller gain is obtained by solving a Riccati equation and the initial set is obtained by solving a Liapunov equation. Examples illustrating the suggested design procedure...

of Residence of Mental Hospital Patients. General Register Office, London (H.M.S.O.), 1960. Studies on Medical and Population Subjects No. 16. 15s. 6d. iv+177 pp. The latest volume in this admirable series is a new departure for the General Register Office. From previous reports we have been able to get the collated figures for England and Wales of mental hospital admissions. In this book admis...

introduction growing use of hydrocarbon constituents in various industries have generated significant quantities of hazardous wastes which lead to environmental pollution. in recent years, the strong global demands for fossil fuels and industrial chemicals have resulted in the release of some of these compounds into soil, water and air.hydrocarbon-contaminated soils are among the important envi...

A 'first-passage-time' analysis is applied to enzyme kinetics. It is shown that the residence times determined in this way are directly related to the steady-state parameters and are particularly useful in analysis of isotopic exchange. A simple linear means is used for the calculation of these residence times that makes this method easily applicable to the numerical evaluation of complex model...

Recent international agreements on tax data sharing aim to facilitate residence based taxation of capital and thus mitigate tax competition. I show that residence based capital tax rates can still decline with the number of financially integrated countries when public spending and debt are used strategically. While suboptimal in the steady state, strategic policies persist during transition if ...

The growing population of elders in our society calls for a new approach in caregiving. By inferring what activities elderly are performing in their houses it is possible to determine their physical and cognitive capabilities. In this paper we describe probabilistic models for performing activity recognition from sensor patterns. We introduce a new observation model which takes the history of s...

Acquisition and retention of a shelter by a lobster are two of the variables that play a role in lobster agonistic interactions. Since shelter procurement and retention are important for lobster survival, behaviors related to this activity frequently outrank other daily behaviors (e.g., searching for food). Here, we examine the effects of time in residence on the parameters of the escape respon...