introduction: plagiarism damages the scientific products. its effects on sciences producer, such as manufacturers, scientists, authors and the others is that they will not desire to write anymore. furthermore, research result is so important in medical sciences, because they are dealing with human life. therefore, this study aimed to identify the methods and types of crime in plagiarism. method...

School-entry vaccination regulations are a policy instrument that has been widely used in some jurisdictions as a mechanism to ensure high immunization coverage rates. Exemptions to school-entry vaccination, which can be allowed on medical or non-medical grounds, present a number of ethical and policy challenges. In this paper, we consider the situation in Canada, where school-entry vaccination...

The crime of rape is a major problem in India, evident from the reports in the press as well as official statistics. The accused has often gone free, because the victim did not file a complaint, or because of poor evidence gathering and well as lacunae in the law. This paper presents an overview of the laws applicable to sexual assault cases and amendments in these laws, specifically in terms o...

The Chinese medical view is that each living creature is a small part of the infinite universe, and is subject to the same laws that govern the rest of the cosmos. Therefore, an understanding of health requires an understanding of the laws of nature. The practitioner views health as a state of harmony existing between the internal environment of the body and the external environment it lives in...

The objective of this review study is to promote the dissemination of the legislation in force in Argentina for the protection of the rights of persons with conditions that might cause disability. Articles of bills and laws that protect the rights of these families are reviewed, so that health care providers assisting them have better access to them. Argentina has a wide range of laws and regul...

Background In France, the laws of 27 June 1990 modified by the law of 4 March 2002 define the scope and procedures of involuntary hospitalizations. Regarding hospitalization by the public authorities the laws state that there must be a threat to the safety of individuals or a serious threat to public order. This procedure is applied since 1838, yet its practice and usefulness have never been as...

The Polish medical law has accepted the rule of equivalence in the doctor-patient relationship. In this way it gave up on the medical paternalism". To a large extent, the newly passed or renewed Rules and Regulations were responsible for this. All Polish hospitals, the psychiatric ones amongst them, must abide the rules on patients' agreement to being hospitalised, examined and treated in accor...