Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) merupakan senyawa yang banyak digunakan sebagai penyedap makanan agar memiliki cita rasa lebih gurih. Produk mengandung MSG umumnya tidak mencantumkan dosis atau jumlah digunakan. Permasalahan ini mengakibatkan terkontrolnya konsumsi di masyarakat. Hal tentunya dapat penggunaan secara berlebihan menyebabkan kelainan sistem kerja organ tubuh jika dikonsumsi dalam denga...

Psychobiotics are defined as the organisms that can provide mental health benefit. The possible mechanism of psychobiotics is manipulation neurotransmitter production and by microbes. lactobacillus group has been reported for potential production, especially g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which an important inhibitory neurotransmitter. Therefore, GABA be used relaxation applied in various psychiatr...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Ketogenic diet (KGD) is a low-carbohydrate, high-fat and average protein dietary formulation, which has been reported with the ability to ameliorate several metabolic diseases, especially those under the direct influence of hormonal disruptions. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) had been found to induce uterine fibroids in laboratory animals through alterations to hormones, l...

Excitotoxicity has emerged as an important mechanism of injury in the brain, and the concept is important for understanding perinatal brain pathology. Following the original observation by Lucas and Newhouse in 1957 that glutamate can damage the retina (31), Olney described the excitotoxicity concept in the 1970s as neuronal death mediated by excessive stimulation of excitatory amino acid recep...