Prostate cancer (PCa) has a distinct molecular signature, including characteristic chromosomal translocations, gene deletions and defective DNA damage repair mechanisms. One crucial pathway involved is homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) it found in almost 20% of metastatic castrate-resistant PCa (mCRPC). Inherited/germline mutations are associated with hereditary predisposition to early ...

diphtheria is a fatal disease caused by exotoxin of corynebacterium     diphtheria .  this toxin consists of   two chains, catalytic chain (a) and binding (b) chain. by binding chain (b),   the toxin binds to its receptor on numerous body cells such as myocardial,   kidney and peripheral nerve cells. after entering, catalytic chain (a)   inhibits protein synthesis and finally can cause cell dea...

Alpha thalassemia (α-thal) is relatively common worldwide. Most carriers are defective in either one or two alpha globin genes out of four functional ones, with deletions being more common than point mutations. The hematologic features are very important for the selection of the appropriate molecular tests while determining the genotype. The aim of this study was to compare hematologic features...