Ideally, neuronal functions would be studied by performing experiments with unconstrained animals whilst they behave in their natural environment. Although this is not feasible currently for most animal models, one can mimic the natural environment in the laboratory by using a virtual reality (VR) environment. Here we present a novel VR system based upon a spherical projection of computer gener...

Arsenic occurs naturally in the earth's crust and is widely distributed in the environment. Natural mineralization and activities of microorganisms enhance arsenic mobilization in the environment but human intervention has exacerbated arsenic contamination. Although arsenic is useful for industrial, agricultural, medicinal and other purposes, it exerts a toxic effect in a variety of organisms, ...

in this article the influence of the equipped playgrounds has been compared with natural playgrounds. playing and moving are the main activity in a young child’s life. allowing children to experience the natural and man-made elements in their living environment generates cognitive and social skills development and increases their educational qualities. today, in iran most spaces for children’s ...

In this paper we describe our experiences with a tool for the development and testing of natural language grammars called GTU (German: GrammatikTestumgebumg; grammar test environment). GTU supports four grammar formalisms under a window-oriented user interface. Additionally, it contains a set of German test sentences covering various syntactic phenomena as well as three types of German lexicons...

Ecological destruction in human-dominated landscapes has significant impacts on environment sustainability internationally. Landscape planning can play a role in mitigating the effects of human-related activities. One element of landscape planning involves the analysis of the biological, spatial and social arrangement of areas in an urban environment and identifying characteristics that are und...

Isfahan is a historic city that has experienced several urban developments throughout its shining and glorious past. They began in Al-buyid and Seljuq periods, and continued through the Safavid urban evolution in the sixteenth century. Zayande-Rood is an important and effective natural element in the city's landscape and plan. This article reflects the conclusion of a historic study on revit...

making an investigation into the traditional architecture found in iran’s kavir, one can see an architecture that has emerged by merely changing the form of the face of the earth; this [complex] architecture is nothing but an intellectual use of simple land and water which simultaneously accords with the islamic environmental principles [ieps]. in this article, following a descriptive analysis ...