Structure determination of protein binding to noncrystalline macromolecular assemblies such as plant cell walls (CWs) poses a significant structural biology challenge. CWs are loosened during growth by expansin proteins, which weaken the noncovalent network formed by cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins, but the CW target of expansins has remained elusive because of the minute amount of the pr...

Low-temperature soft chemical synthesis routes to transition-metal nitrides are of interest as an alternative conventional high-temperature ammonolysis reactions involving large volumes chemotoxic NH3 gas. One such method is the reaction between metal oxides and NaNH2 at ca. 200 °C yield counterpart nitrides; however, there remains uncertainty regarding mechanism product phase assemblage (in pa...

The celebrated tenfold way of Altland-Zirnbauer symmetry classes discern any quantum system by its pattern nonspatial symmetries. It lays at the core periodic table topological insulators and superconductors which provided a complete classification weakly interacting electrons' noncrystalline phases for all classes. Over recent years, plethora phenomena with diverse surface states has been disc...

Connexin proteins form hexameric assemblies known as hemichannels. When docked to form gap junction (GJ) channels, hemichannels play a critical role in cell-cell communication and cellular homeostasis, but often are functional entities on their own in unapposed cell membranes. Defects in the Connexin26 (Cx26) gene are the major cause of hereditary deafness arising from dysfunctional hemichannel...

AIM To evaluate the remineralization ability of two endodontic sealer cements. METHODOLOGY Mid-coronal dentine surfaces were subjected to: (i) 37% phosphoric acid (PA) or (ii) 0.5 mol L-1 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) conditioning prior to the application of two experimental hydroxyapatite-based cements, containing sodium hydroxide (calcypatite) or zinc oxide oxiapatite respectively....