The studies of the behavior of fluid on the nano-level has shown to be an important means of influencing the characteristic of fluid must especially in the area of thermal conductivity. Giving relevance in numerous fields such as biomedicine, manufacturing, fuel cells and soon on. This article considers flow and heat transfer of viscous fluid conveying Gold nanoparticles through expanding or co...

The present study demonstrates a methodology for optimization of environmental data acquisition. Based on the premise that the worth of data increases in proportion to its ability to reduce the uncertainty of key model predictions, the methodology can be used to compare the worth of different data types, gathered at different locations within study areas of arbitrary complexity. The method is a...

A robust physical design of 3D-IC requires investigation on through-silicon-via (TSV). The large temperature and stress gradients can severely affect TSV delay with large variation. The traditional physical model treats TSV as resistor with linear electrical-thermal dependence, which ignores the fundamental device physics. In this paper, a physics-based electrical-thermal-mechanical delay model...

Butene-1 is produced from ethylene by dimerization reaction in a CSTR. Due to the exothermic reaction, serious temperature runaway occurs in the reactor. Therefore, it is important to stabilize the reaction temperature in order to maintain good quality product and safe operation. Temperature stabilization is also essential for maintaining optimal operation of high ethylene conversion and desire...

This study is limited to study of buckling analysis of a sandwich cylindrical shell with functionally graded face sheets and homogenous core. High-order sandwich plate theory is improved by considering the in-plane stresses of the core that usually are ignored in the analysis of sandwich structures. Assume that all properties of the face sheets and the core are temperature dependent. Strain com...

Vibration behavior of different types of porous functionally graded (FG) conical sandwich shells are investigated based on a modified high order sandwich shells theory for the first time. Sandwich shell includes FG face sheets covering a homogeneous core and the second one includes homogeneous face sheets and a FG core. Power law rule modified by considering two types of porosity distributions ...

In this paper, the effect of pressure, temperature and impurity on the energylevels, binding energy, linear and nonlinear optical properties of a modified Gaussianquantum dot are studied. In this regard, the finite element method is employed to solvethe single electron Schrodinger equation in the effective mass approximation with andwithout impurity at the center of the dot. In addition, the en...

The goal of any temperature controller design is to keep the temperature of the target device on the desired value defined by the user as accurately as possible and using as little energy as possible. . The very control of temperature can be achieved by causing heater power to be simply switched on and off according to an under or over temperature condition respectively. Ultimately, the heater ...

Ultrasound-based thermometry requires a temperature-sensitive acoustic parameter that can be used to estimate the temperature by tracking changes in that parameter during heating. The objective of this study is to investigate the temperature dependence of acoustic harmonics generated by nonlinear ultrasound wave propagation in water at various pulse transmit frequencies from 1 to 20 MHz. Simula...