Keywords: KP–BBM-II equations Crank–Nicholson method Finite difference scheme Convergence Stability a b s t r a c t In this paper, the finite difference method is employed to solve Kadomtsev–Petviashvili– Benjamin–Bona–Mahony II (KP–BBM-II) partial differential equations. The time and space variable are discretized by the Crank–Nicholson method and the central-difference scheme, respectively. T...

When a jack-up installed at a clay location and then leaves; it can create several meter deep footprints. In case of soft clay, the spudcan may have actually penetrated much deeper than the observed footprints. When the penetrated spudcan is pulled out, much of the soft remolded clay will flow around it and go back into the hole. This event, leaving a deep region of disturbed soil. The disturbe...

Offshore aquaculture is increasingly viewed as a mechanism to meet growing protein demand for seafood, while minimizing adverse consequences on the environment and other uses in the oceans. However, despite growing interest in offshore aquaculture, there appears to be no consensus as to what measures commonly define an offshore site or how effects of offshore aquaculture—relative to more nearsh...

Within the Space@Sea project floating offshore islands, designed as an assembly of platforms, are used to create space in environments. Offshore structures exposed harsh environment conditions. High wind speeds, heavy rainfall, ice and wave forces lead highly stressed structures. The platforms at connected by ropes fenders. There exists risk a rope failing which is therefore investigated subseq...