Many triplets are conceived as a consequence of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Concerns have been raised that triplet pregnancies conceived by ART are more complicated than those conceived spontaneously. The purpose of this study was to evaluate all triplet pregnancies managed over a 12-year period to determine if there were any differences in outcome based on the mode of conception. A...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristic child-rearing problems for mothers of multiple children who conceived after infertility treatment as compared to mothers of multiple children who conceived spontaneously. The subjects were 990 mothers of multiple children: 359 who conceived after infertility treatment and 631 who conceived spontaneously. Mothers who conceived after inf...

Consider a branching random walk on R, with offspring distribution Z and nonnegative displacement distribution W . We say that explosion occurs if an infinite number of particles may be found within a finite distance of the origin. In this paper, we investigate this phenomenon when the offspring distribution Z is heavy-tailed. Under an appropriate condition, we are able to characterize the pair...

Background: Proteins are known mainly based on their metabolic and nutritional functions including protein synthesis and a source of energy. In spite of various physiological properties attributed to proteins, their functions have neither been addressed by assessing quality of proteins nor by nutrition and dietetic practices. Methods: Studies were included if they were randomized animal studies...

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of metabolizable energy (ME) and protein of Japanese quails diets on offspring performance and antibody production against sheep red blood cell (SRBC). A total of 432 Japanese quails (13 week-old) were divided into nine treatments. Each treatment comprised four replicates of twelve birds (9 female and 3 male). Nine diets including three levels of ...

Some evidence suggests that light-to-moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes in the offspring, but the precise biological mechanisms underlying such associations are currently unknown. Epigenetic modifications have been suggested as one potential

Class Origin, Family Culture, and Intergenerational Correlation of Education in Rural China This paper examines the determinants of intergenerational correlation of education in rural China by using a data from a large survey of households. Three generations who completed education during the period from pre-1949 to the beginning of the 2000s are included. The focus is on the influence of famil...

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to describe the 'lived' experiences of New Zealand birth mothers, from pregnancy onwards, of a child/ren diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). METHOD A qualitative paradigm was utilized so that the participants could tell their stories through words and text rather than collecting statistical data which is the domain of quantitative resear...