The toxicity and efficacy of a bacteria-based commercial bioremediation agent (CBA) was assessed through bioassays with juvenile inland silverside minnows, Menidia beryllina, and flask studies of oil degradation. Addition of the CBA to weathered Alaska, USA North Slope crude oil (ANS-521) prior to testing increased toxicity of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of the oil in both chronic (growth)...

1Medical Research Council Human Movement and Balance Correspondence to: Dr A. M. Bronstein, Medical Research Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Council Human Movement and Balance Unit, National London and 2Psychology Department, Royal Holloway, Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, University of London, Egham, UK London WC1N 3BG, UK or Dr A. B. Morland, Psy...

THERE ARE, OF COURSE, MANY DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF THE problem of national unity in Malaysia. Every country, especially in "developing areas," has its own particular difficulties in becoming and remaining a nation. In Malaysia, there are perhaps more disuniting factors than in any other Asian country. Because the Federation of Malaysia is a highly artificial country, divided by its heterogeneous c...

Using data on 61 oil companies from 2001-09, we examine the evolution of revenue efficiency of National Oil Companies (NOCs) and shareholder-owned oil companies (SOCs). We find that NOCs generally are less efficient than SOCs, but their efficiency increased faster over the last decade. We also find evidence that partial privatizations increase operational efficiency, and (weaker) evidence that ...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Multivariate GARCH model Optimal hedge ratio Market noise conditional volatility This paper introduces a new incomplete index and establishes a new optimal hedging model. We find that when the market micro-noise is perfectly negatively correlated with the return of futures market, market incomplete-ness depends on the relative level of noise volatility. Especiall...

On the 15th of September 2008, a power-sharing agreement was brokered between the major political parties in Zimbabwe, namely, the Tsvangirai-led Movement for Democratic Change (MDC-T), the Mutambara-led Movement for Democratic Change (MDC-M) and the then ruling Zimbabwe African National Union–Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF). This Global Political Agreement (GPA) paved the way for the establishment o...

Sea ice decline is anticipated to increase human access to the Arctic Ocean allowing for offshore oil and gas development in once inaccessible areas. Given the potential negative consequences of an oil spill on marine wildlife populations in the Arctic, it is important to understand the magnitude of impact a large spill could have on wildlife to inform response planning efforts. In this study w...

This study empirically investigates the impact of privatisation on firm performance in the global oil and gas industry, where questions of resource control have regained widespread attention. Using a dataset of 60 public share offerings by 28 National Oil Companies it is shown that privatisation is associated with comprehensive and sustained improvements in performance and efficiency. Over the ...

a group of palestinians became refugees in neighboring arab countries after their homeland was occupied by israel. other part of the population continued to reside in the occupied country at karate gerbil and ghazi, but they have lost the peace, and the political stability and establishment. consequently, this disordered situation affected palestinian poetry.refugee status, exile, massacre, pil...