Nowadays, Economic systems play an important role in environment's field. Along with the rapid change in global manufacturing scenario, environmental and social issues are becoming more important in managing any business. Increasing pressures and challenges to improve economic and environmental performance have been caused developing countries in generally in particular to consider and to start...

This article studies the effects of reverse factoring in a supply chain when buyer company facilitates its lower short-term borrowing rates to supplier corporation return for extended payment terms. We explore role interest rate changes, rating and business cycle position on cost benefit trade-off from perspective. utilize combined empirical approach consisting an event study Step 1 simulation ...

Abstract-Analytic models are developed for optimizing bus services with time dependence and elasticity in their demand characteristics. Some supply parameters, i.e. vehicle operating costs and speeds are also allowed to vary over time. The multiple period models presented here allow some of the optimized system characteristics (e.g. route structure) to be fixed at values representing the best c...

The design of resilient supply chains under the risk of disruptions at candidate locations for distribution centers (DCs) is formulated as a two-stage stochastic program. The problem involves selecting DC locations, determining storage capacities for multiple commodities, and establishing the distribution strategy in scenarios that describe disruptions at potential DCs. The objective is to mini...

The eternal need for humans' blood as a critical commodity makes the healthcare systems attempt to provide efficient blood supply chains (BSCs) by which the requirements are satisfied at the maximum level. To have an efficient supply of blood, an appropriate planning for blood supply chain is a challenge which requires more attention. In this paper, we address a mixed integer linear programming...

Nowadays, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are the most promising green energy conversion devices for portable and stationary applications. Traditionally, these devices were based onperfluoro-sulfonic acid electrolytes membranes, given the commercial name Nafion. Nafion is the mostused electrolyte membrane till now; because of its high electrochemical properties su...

This paper presents a robust supply chain network design considering capacity, supply and delivery distance limits under uncertain demand. It aims to form a systematic solution including facility location and capacity design, supply plan, production plan and delivery plan. The uncertainty of demand is described by means of scenario approach. Following a multiple criteria evaluation, the optimal...