UNLABELLED Parathyroid cysts are rare (0.8-3.41% of all parathyroid lesions) and usually arise secondary to cystic degeneration of parathyroid adenomas. Intrathyroidal parathyroid cysts are extremely rare with only three cases reported till date. We present a 24-year-old female with clinical and biochemical features of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT; Ca(2) (+): 12.1 mg/dl; intact parathyroid...

conclusions while high serum pth, calcium, and phosphorus levels could determine the mortality risk in hemodialysis patients, decreased serum phosphorus and pth levels were in association with malnutrition and comorbidities and were not independent risk factors for mortality. background abnormal mineral metabolism is common among hemodialysis patients and has been associated with higher morbidi...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT), most commonly due to parathyroid adenoma, is a disorder characterized by excessive secretion of PTH. So far, abnormalities in two genes, cyclin D1 and MEN1, have been implicated in the development of parathyroid adenomas. Cyclin D1, now an established Oncogene involved in numerous human cancers, was first identified and recognized as an Oncogene in the study o...

The incidence of parathyroid carcinoma is rare. We recently encountered a case of double carcinoma, located in the right and left upper parathyroid glands. A 67-year old man came to the Teikyo University Hospital because of his bilateral parathyroid masses with hypercalcemia and high parathyroid hormone (PTH). Preoperative diagnoses were parathyroid adenoma in the left lobe and papillary thyroi...

Acute parathyroid hormone exposure induces vascular smooth muscle relaxation. In contrast, continuous infusion of parathyroid hormone leads to vasoconstriction and an elevation of blood pressure. Despite the known effects of parathyroid hormone on vascular smooth muscle, possible direct effects on the vascular endothelium have not previously been investigated. Using a human umbilical vein endot...

Ultrasound is one of the preferred modalities for evaluation of the parathyroid glands. This study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of high resolution ultrasound for secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure. From March 2008 to March 2009, ninety-one hemodialysis patients were examined by high resolution ultrasound (14 MHz) of the parathyroid glands in compari...

Parathyroid hormonelike protein from human renal carcinoma cells. Structural and functional homology with parathyroid hormone. Identification of a novel 17,000-Dalton parathyroid hormone-like adenylate cyclase-stimulating protein from a tumor associated with humoral hypercal-cemia of malignancy. Synthetic human parathyroid hormone-like protein stimulates bone resorp-tion and causes hypercalcemi...

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is central to calcium homeostasis and bone maintenance in vertebrates, and as such it has been used for treating osteoporosis. It acts primarily by binding to its receptor, PTH1R, a member of the class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that also includes receptors for glucagon, calcitonin, and other therapeutically important peptide hormones. Despite considera...

We examined the sites of peptide hormone activation within medullary nephron segments of the house sparrow ( Passer domesticus) kidney by measuring rates of hormone-induced generation of cyclic nucleotide second messenger. Thin descending limbs, thick ascending limbs, and collecting ducts had baseline activity of adenylyl cyclase that resulted in cAMP accumulation of 207 ± 56, 147 ± 31, and 151...

Acute hypercalcemia in the conscious, unanesthetized rat, achieved by a 30-minute infusion of CaCl2 (serum calcium level, 12.8 +/- 0.6 mg/dl) resulted in significant elevation of mean arterial pressure (from 112 +/- 2 mm Hg to 129 +/- 3 mm Hg, p less than 0.001). This pressor response was associated with a significant increase in systemic vascular resistance, from 0.45 +/- 0.02 mm Hg/(ml/min)/k...