The groupoid interpretation of Martin-Löf type theory not only shows the independence of uniqueness of identity proofs from the axioms of intensional type theory but is also constructive and validates the computation rules as definitional equalities. The groupoid semantics are very clear when interpreting dependent types and in particular the identity types but less so when defining equality pr...

Planning a path to a destination, given a number of options and obstacles, is a common task. We suggest a two-component cognitive model that combines retrieval of knowledge about the environment with search guided by visual perception. In the first component, subsymbolic information, acquired during navigation, aids in the retrieval of declarative information representing possible paths to take...

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There is a growing recognition that discrete choice models are capable of providing a more realistic picture of route choice behavior. In particular, influential factors other than travel time that are found to affect the choice of route trigger the application of random utility models in the route choice literature. This paper focuses on path-based, logit-type stochastic route choice models, i...

Walking, as an important transportation mode, plays a large part in urban transportation systems. This mode is of great importance for planners and decision-makers because of its impact on environmental and health aspects of communities. However, this mode is so complex in nature that makes it difficult to study or model. On the other hand, chaos theory studies complex dynamical nonlinear syste...

In this paper, we address the improvement of an acoustic model using the multi-path Hidden Markov network (HMnet) model for automatically creating non-uniform tied-state, context-dependent hidden markov model topologies. Recent research has achieved multi-path model topologies in order to improve the recognition performance in gender-independent, spontaneous-speaking applications. However, the ...

Probabilistic approach of traffic assignment has been primarily developed to provide a more realistic and flexible theoretical framework to represent traveler’s route choice behavior in a transportation network. The problem of path overlapping in network modelling has been one of the main issues to be tackled. Due to its flexible covariance structure, probit model can adequately address the pro...

BACKGROUND Single path defibrillation shock methods have been improved through the use of the Charge Banking Model of defibrillation, which predicts the response of the heart to shocks as a simple resistor-capacitor (RC) circuit. While dual path defibrillation configurations have significantly reduced defibrillation thresholds, improvements to dual path defibrillation techniques have been limit...