The European Union (EU) has introduced statutory limits for patulin in fruit products. Species definitions need to be unambiguous for this capability, especially to determine 'weak spots' in food, drink and feed production. Fungi were analysed for the isoepoxydon dehydrogenase (IDH) gene of the patulin metabolic pathway to indicate potential patulin production. In several cases inhibition of PC...

The present findings indicate that the wide fluctuation observed in the antiviral activity of various crude helenine preparations may be attributable to the presence of varying amounts of inhibitor. Antiviral activity could be enhanced by removal of the inhibitor. A meaningful value for helenine titer in a preparation clearly should be determined in the inhibitor-free zone.

The expression of the acetyl xylan esterase II (axeII) gene from Penicillium purpurogenum is repressed by glucose and induced by xylan, as well as to a small degree by xylose and xylitol. This gene is expressed at neutral pH, but not under alkaline or acidic conditions, in agreement with previous findings for other xylanolytic genes of this organism. This is the first report showing pH regulati...

2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) affected both the growth of and antibiotic production in Streptomyces aureofaciens, S. griseus, S. antibioticus, and Penicillium citrinum. Streptomyces strains seemed to be more sensitive to the presence of CEPA in the medium than did the fungus. A decrease in both growth and antibiotic production was observed with a concomitant increase in the concentration ...

Il presente contributoprende in considerazione alcuni aspetti centrali della teoria del diritto e dell’interpretazione giuridica filosofo costituzionalista Friedrich Müller, a partire dalla recente opera collettiva (a cura di N. Stamile, Castilho Gomes, D. J. Almanza Torres) che ne analizza il pensiero l’opera, molte delle sue angolature. In particolare, si insiste su caposaldi cd. “Teoria Stru...

A fungal isolate EML-NCP01 was recovered from agricultural soil in Ulleung Island, Korea. Phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer and β-tubulin genes identified the isolate as the Penicillium species P. raphiae. Morphologically, the EML-NCP01 isolate was identical to the previous description of P. raphiae. The species presented here has not been reported in Korea.