“Tazkirah” is the term used in Persian and Turkish literature for a collection of lives, most frequently those of poets, but also of saints, sheikhs or calligraphers. A Tazkirah of poets gives a brief biography and examples of each author's work. Tazkirahs are one of the most important and widely expanded biographical works of literature. Tazkirahs as a considerable and inseparable part of manu...

the wine poetry is a conscious art which consists of the material and the meaning for the arabs. the famous arabian poets were: al-aktal, abu nowas, ibn el foriz. the wine poetry was an independent section in the persion poetry. the persions poets took that from the arabic poetry and described it as a material and as a meaning. they created many different methods to present it. rodaki, manochah...

Complex predicates, or compound verbs, constitute a major portion of verbal forms in the Persian language. They are normally formed using a noun, adjective, preposition, or prepositional phrase, followed by a light verb. Unlike many other languages that employ such constructions, Persian allows the two components to become separated. This paper will investigate where complex predicates syntacti...

pessimism, a phenomenon of deep effect over the contemporary poetry, both arabic and persian, usually enjoys a widespread usage in the periods of social, political and economic disorders which, in turn, affect the poets’ views and change their visions toward the real. elias abu-shabaka and hushang ebtehaj are the poets of a modern disorderly era and environment. they both display a deep pessimi...

Abstract Forced branding, tattooing, and bodily inscriptions were linked to a complex intersection of meanings uses in nineteenth-century Iran. Drawing on insights from studies other world historical contexts, this paper discusses branding as marker ownership, both human slaves animals; Islamic attitudes toward inscription its symbolic significance the afterlife; associations between or divine ...

STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PURPOSE To cross-culturally translate the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (OMPQ) into Persian and then evaluate its psychometric properties (reliability, validity, ceiling, and flooring effects). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE To the authors' knowledge, prior to this study there has been no validated instrument to screen the risk of chronicity i...

Automatic transformation of paper documents into electronic documents requires document segmentation at the first stage. However, some parameters restrictions such as variations in character font sizes, different text line spacing, and also not uniform document layout structures altogether have made it difficult to design a general-purpose document layout analysis algorithm for many years. Thus...

Many NLP applications need fundamental tools to convert the input text into appropriate form or format and extract the primary linguistic knowledge of words and sentences. These tools perform segmentation of text into sentences, words and phrases, checking and correcting the spellings, doing lexical and morphological analysis, POS tagging and so on. Persian is among languages with complex prepr...

  Poetry translation involves cognition, discourse, and action by and between human s and textual a c- tors in physical and social settings. The aim of this study was to find out to what extent the non - native translator of Nizami Ganjavi’s “Leili and Majnun” could preserve the poetic imagery in its English translation. To this end, an innovative taxonomic model, which could investiga...