The present study acknowledged climate variability induced periodic variation in localized extreme weather event occurrences under diverse agro-eco regions of Eastern Himalayas India during the past five decades. widespread rise warm nights (TN90p; 0.31–1.67 days year?1), reduced daily rainfall intensity (SDII), and changes other extremes, viz. temperature precipitation signified clear signals ...

In the U.S., the regulatory approach to automobile fuel choices has consisted almost exclusively of mandated changes in autos and fuel availability. This contrasts with Europe, where di®erential taxes and fees have been used to encourage the use of unleaded gasoline and diesel fuel. I use data for 48 states from 1980 to 1989 to estimate the e®ect of price di®erences between leaded and unleaded ...

In this study, an ABC-Local Search (ABC-Ls) method was proposed by including a new local search procedure into the standard artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to perform parameter estimation of photovoltaic systems (PV). The aim ABC-Ls improve exploration capability ABC with in addition exploitation and balance algorithm. first tested on 15 well-known benchmark functions literature. results ...

I propose several mean-reversion jump-di usion models to describe spot prices of energy commodities that may be very costly to store. I incorporate multiple jumps, regime-switching and stochastic volatility into these models in order to capture the salient features of energy commodity prices due to physical characteristics of energy commodities. Prices of various energy commodity derivatives ar...

This study examines how much, if any, of the differences in retail gasoline prices between markets is attributable to differences in the composition of vertical contract types at gasoline stations in each market. The purchase of the independent retail gasoline chain, Thrifty, by ARCO provides a unique opportunity to examine the effects of changes in different vertical contract types on local re...

Many policy-makers are currently weighing the advantages of deregulating electricity markets over more traditional regulatory methods. However, within this traditional regulatory environment many options exist. In particular, the use of incentive regulation programs in US electricity markets has grown during the past two decades. These programs differ in both their goals and how they attempt to...

In this paper we consider a supply function model of an electricity market where strategic firms have capacity constraints. We show that if firms have heterogeneous cost functions and capacity constraints then the differential equation approach to finding the equilibrium supply function may not be effective by itself because it produces supply functions that fail to be non-decreasing. Even when...