We have analyzed the processing of the RNA primer for (+) strand DNA synthesis by reverse transcriptase of the human immunodeficiency virus 1. To test for specific RNA cleavage and primer usage, we constructed a 99-base pair RNA-DNA hybrid containing the viral polypurine tract and flanking viral sequences. Although the RNase H activity of reverse transcriptase cleaves the RNA strand into multip...

DNA misalignment occurs in homopolymer tracts during replication and can lead to frameshift mutations. Polymerase (pol) recognition of primer-templates containing bulge structures and the transmission of a bulge through a polymerase binding site or replication complex are important components of frameshift mutagenesis. In this report, we describe the interaction of the catalytic core of pol wit...

The analytical performance of 9 different PCR primer sets designed to detect Escherichia coli and Shigella in water has been evaluated in terms of ubiquity, specificity, and analytical detection limit. Of the 9 PCR primer sets tested, only 3 of the 5 primer sets targeting uidA gene and the primer set targeting tuf gene amplified DNA from all E. coli strains tested. However, of those 4 primer se...

Before performing polymerase chain reactions (PCR), a feasible primer set is required. Many primer design methods have been proposed for design a feasible primer set. However, the majority of these methods require a relatively long time to obtain an optimal solution since large quantities of template DNA need to be analyzed. Furthermore, the designed primer sets usually do not provide a specifi...

This study evaluated the rate of polymerization (R(p)) and degree of conversion (DC) of Panavia F when self- or dual-activated, and the influence of either using or not using a primer containing co-initiators (ED Primer) mixed with the material. The conversion reaction was monitored using real-time infrared spectroscopy with an attenuated total reflectance device. The cement was mixed, put onto...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the effect of acidic primers on adhesive bonding to prefabricated alumina material designed for fixed restorations. METHODS High-purity alumina disks (Procera AllCeram) were primed with one of the following materials: Acryl Bond, All Bond II Primer B, Alloy Primer, Estenia Opaque Primer, M.L. Primer, MR. Bond, and Super- Bond Liquid. The specimens w...