interferons (ifns) are a family of small regulatory glycoproteins that play a central role in the defense against viral infections. although ifns have been initially discovered as antiviral factors, today they are known as an integral part of the cytokine network that affect a wide range of biological processes. ifns exert their pleiotropic effects through their multisubunit cell surface recept...

objective(s): neuroprotective effects of female gonadal steroids are mediated through several pathways involving multiple peptides and receptors after traumatic brain injury (tbi). two of these peptides are including the regulatory peptides neuromedin u (nmu) and neuromedin s (nms), and their common receptor neuromedin u2 receptor (nmur2). this study investigates the effects of physiological do...

In studies of subjective well-being, economists and other researchers typically use a fixed or random effect estimation to control for unobservable heterogeneity across individuals. Such individual heterogeneity, although substantially reducing the estimated effect of many characteristics, is little understood. This paper shows that personality measures can account for 20% of this heterogeneity...

Background & Objective: Gliomas are the most common type of primary intracranial tumors in adults. The expression of estrogen receptors varies in different grades of glial tumors, and some studies have suggested that this expression might have a prognostic value. It seems that estrogen receptor expression negatively correlates with the histological grade of gliomas. In the pres...

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a series of angiotensin ii (a ii) receptor antagonist of some substituted 5-(biphenyl-4-ylmethyl) pyrazole were subjected to qsar analysis using hansch and fujita-ban model, by using combination of thermodynamic, electronic, spatial descriptor and presence or absence of substituent respectively. several qsar model were obtained using stepwise regression analysis. two models from both the method...

Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) is a dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults. This article discusses its administration, clinical trial efficacy and adverse effects.

Objective(s): Intracerebroventricular injection of orexin-A (hypocretin-1) antagonist has been shown to inhibit stress-induced analgesia. However the locations of central sites that may mediate these effects have not been totally demonstrated. This study was performed to investigate the role of rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) orexin receptor 1 in stress-induced analgesia (SIA). Materials and...