Background and Aim: The process of theoretical approaches in explaining crime throughout the history is indicative of various interpretations of crime. In 1980s, in the light of French and German schools of thought, the post-modern movement arouse just because they have a new interpretation of the concept of crime within the domains of criminal justice. It was mainly believed that crime was the...

In examining some big questions on African development, we provide evidence that dynamics of some development indicators could support both endogenous and neoclassical growth theories in the convergence debate. This paper investigates convergence in real per capita GDP and inequality adjusted human development in 38 African countries, disaggregated into 10 homogenous panels based on regions (Su...

Law Enforcement Agencies (LEA) are increasingly using social media to identify and reduce crime for well-being and safety of the society. Images shared on social media hurting religious, political, communal and other sentiments of people, often instigate violence and create law & order situations in society. This results in the need for LEA to inspect the spread of such images and users propaga...

We previously reported a high level of information on the Austrian organ donation law in medical and non-medical students, patients and ICU nurses, whereby ICU nurses at University Hospital in Graz (n = 185) were very well informed and also had the most critical view of the Austrian organ donation law.This letter reports the extension of our previous study to ICU nurses from hospitals with a Ch...

The determination of death by neurological criteria remains controversial scientifically, culturally, and legally, worldwide. In the United Kingdom, although the determination of death by neurological criteria is not legally codified, the Code of Practice of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges is customarily used for neurological (brainstem) death determination and treatment withdrawal. Unlik...

The public’s view of the political intrusion into the medical care of Theresa Marie Schiavo is well illustrated by two political cartoons. The first, by Tony Auth, reprinted in the Boston Globe shortly after Congress passed a law authorizing intervention by the federal courts, pictures a horde of congressmen charging mindlessly out of the Capitol, all dressed as physicians—one carrying a saw, a...

Introduction Karaism, a messianic Jewish movement founded in the Middle Ages, sought to redefine Jewish religious practice by re-centering it on the “Written Law” (i.e., the Hebrew Bible) in its entirety, and rejecting the “Oral Law” as codified in the Mishnah and Talmud. The Karaites also reversed the structure of the traditional Jewish canon, placing biblical study and the sub-disciplines rel...

The Israeli State recently announced that it may begin to use genetic tests to determine whether potential immigrants are Jewish or not. This development would demand a rethinking of Israeli law on the issue of the definition of Jewishness. In this article, we discuss the historical and legal context of secular and religious definitions of Jewishness and rights to immigration in the State of Is...