Two experiments explored the role of the opioid system in a situation involving a surprising reduction in reward magnitude: consummatory successive negative contrast. Rats received access to 32% sucrose solution (preshift Trials 1-10) followed by 4% solution (postshift Trials 11-15). Independent groups received an injection of either the vehicle or the delta-receptor agonist [D-Ala2-,N-Me-Phe4,...

The contribution gives a micro-structural insight into the pedestrian decision process during an egress situation. A method how to extract the decisions of pedestrians from the trajectories recorded during the experiments is introduced. The underlying Markov decision process is estimated using the finite mixture approximation. Furthermore, the results of this estimation can be used as an input ...

Cats after unilateral bulbar pyramid section showed permanent loss of tactile placing in the contralateral limbs. However, the cats could be trained to place the forelimb following light touch in a conditioning situation with food as a reward. Subsequent unilateral or bilateral cerebral cortical lesions involving sensory and/or motor areas did not abolish this conditioned response. Since these ...

This paper presents a new method for finding and evaluating policies for cloned multiple teleo-reactive agents operating in the context of exogenous events. The method is based upon discounted reward evaluation of policy restricted situation graphs. A teleo-reactive agent behaves autonomously under the control of a policy and is predisposed by that policy to achieve some goal. Our framework pla...

Introduction: Job stress is one of the main characteristics of modern life which is increasing and has been recognized as an important risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was conducted to determine the association between job stress at work environment and cardiovascular diseases. Materials and methods: A number of 300 persons including 150 cases and 150 controls were con...

This review gives an overview of our recent findings and developments in research on brain mechanisms of morphine reward from studies using the place preference conditioning paradigm. Intracranial place conditioning methodology has become a valuable and firmly established and very widely used tool in behavioural pharmacology and drug reward mechanisms. Several studies have established that morp...

This review gives an overview of our recent findings and developments in research on brain mechanisms of morphine reward from studies using the place preference conditioning paradigm. Intracranial place conditioning methodology has become a valuable and firmly established and very widely used tool in behavioural pharmacology and drug reward mechanisms. Several studies have established that morp...

We study the situation of a decision-maker who aims to encourage the players of an evolutionary game theoretic system to follow certain desired behaviours. To do so, she can interfere in the system to reward her preferred behaviour patterns. However, this action requires certain cost (e.g., resource consumption). Given this, her main goal is to maintain an efficient trade-off between achieving ...

The focus of the project was on the management of wetlands located on private property. Wetlands are increasingly recognised as being of value to society yet the history of their use in Australia has been one of widespread degradation due to grazing, cropping, clearing and draining for commercial gain. What remains of Australia’s wetlands are predominantly located on private land. The danger th...