Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked dozens of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. Ascertaining the functional and eventual causal mechanisms underlying these relationships has proven difficult. The majority of risk SNPs, and nearby SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (LD), are found in intergenic or intronic regions and confer risk through allele...

We would like to raise a concern regarding the mathematica l modelling study by Brooke Nichols and colleagues, which looked at the cost-effectiveness of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV-1 prevention in the Netherlands. Specifically, we have found that we are unable to replicate their results using the methodology described in their paper. In their modelling study the authors divided the p...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common abnormal heart rhythm and the single biggest cause of stroke. Ablation, destroying regions of the atria, is applied largely empirically and can be curative but with a disappointing clinical success rate. We design a simple model of activation wavefront propagation on a structure mimicking the branching network architecture of heart muscle and show how...

Supply chain management (S CM), a management method to optimize internal costs and productivities, has evolved as an application of e-business technologies. SCM is a powerful strategic function capable of radically improving customer value propositions by the reengineering of intranet and internet-enabled collaborative channel partnerships. Latest developments in information technology have pro...

the kalut-e-ashrafa area is located in the north-east of ardakan area in central iran, yazd province. this area promises copper mineralization. the most of the minerals in this study area are silica-rich veins and veinlets. therefore, in order to identify geological formations with silica zones and to determine potential mineralization areas, aster images and remote sensing methods were used. a...

This paper discusses the problem of positive real control for uncertain 2-D linear discrete time singular Roesser models (2-D SRM) with time-invariant norm-bounded parameter uncertainty. The purpose of this study is to design a state feedback controller such that the resulting closed-loop system is acceptable, jump modes free and stable, and achieves the extended strictly positive realness for ...

we use a process-oriented definition. Risk Management in Traditional Risk Management (RM) focuses on a single project same time & same place. It emphasizes identifying, assessing, controlling and monitoring risk. Due to an increasing number of distributed projects and distributed teams, the RM paradigm has begun to shift towards group oriented RM any time any place. Although distributed RM prov...

This article undertakes the anthropology of an equation that constitutes the essence of an algorithm that underlies a variety of computational technologies—most notably spam filters, but also data-mining tools, diagnostic tests, predictive parsers, risk assessment techniques, and Bayesian reasoning more generally. The article foregrounds the ways ontologies are both embodied in and transformed ...

The concept of virtual power plant (VPP) has been proposed to facilitate the integration of distributed renewable energy. VPP behaves similar to a single entity that aggregates a collection of distributed energy resources (DERs) such as distributed generators, storage devices, flexible loads, etc., so that the aggregated power outputs can be flexibly dispatched and traded in electricity markets...