The generation of earthquakes at depths exceeding 60 km remains debated, as rocks such are anticipated to be ductile. Seismological investigations have revealed a variety rupture characteristics that distinguishable between shallow (0–60 km), intermediate-depth (60–300 km) and deep-focus (300–700 earthquakes, but it is unclear whether different physical mechanisms controlling earthquake rupture...

Empirical green’s function (EGF) analysis has remained little used to image the rupture properties of the giant 26 December 2004 Sumatra earthquake. The 2 November 2002 foreshock (Mw 7.2), close to the mainshock epicenter, gives us the opportunity to use its waveforms to empirically simulate the Rayleigh-wave propagation of the Sumatra earthquake. We first show that the exceptional size of the ...

Abstract The seismic activity of a planet can be described by the corner magnitude, events larger than which are extremely unlikely, and moment rate, long‐term average annual release. Marsquake S1222a proves large enough to representative global Mars places observational constraints on rate. magnitude‐frequency distribution relevant Marsquakes indicates ‐value 1.06. rate is likely between , wit...