One of the major factors that brings complexity to framework development is the identification of its hot spots, i.e., the framework parts that must be kept flexible as they are specific of individual systems. In this paper we show that pattern languages can be important sources for framework hot spots identification and, consequently, can be used for framework construction. We define the types...

Hot spot volcanism may originate from the deep mantle in regions exhibiting the Earth’s most pronounced lateral S-wave velocity gradients. These strong gradient regions display an improved geographic correlation over S-wave velocities to surface hot spot locations. For the lowest velocities or strongest gradients occupying 10% of the surface area of the core–mantle boundary (CMB), hot spots are...

We show that a plasmonic metamaterial can act as a far-field to near-field transformer that focuses a free-space beam of light into a subwavelength energy hot spot at a prescribed location with a spot size only a small fraction of the wavelength. The hot spot position on the metamaterial can be prescribed and moved at will from one metamolecule of the array to another in a "digital" fashion sim...

The aim of this study was to explore the correlations of detectability and the semi-quantification for hot spot imaging with positron emitters in positron emission tomography (PET) and with a positron coincidence detection system (PCD). Phantom study results for the measurement of the lesion-to-background (L/B) ratio ranged from 2.0 to 30.3, and detectability for hot spot lesion of PET and PCD ...

High affinity antibodies are generated in mice and humans by means of somatic hypermutation (SHM) of variable (V) regions of Ig genes. Mutations with rates of 10(-5)--10(-3) per base pair per generation, about 10(6)-fold above normal, are targeted primarily at V-region hot spots by unknown mechanisms. We have measured mRNA expression of DNA polymerases iota, eta, and zeta by using cultured Burk...

background: in intracavitary brachytherapy for gynecological cancers, various techniques are used to locate the anterior rectal wall nearest to the sources but there is no consensus on the best method to do so. this study aimed to compare a technique used routinely in some centers that employs a wire marker to locate the position of the maximum rectal dose point, versus the method recommended b...

Frameworks can be seen as generative since they are intended and well suited to be used as the foundation for the development of a number of applications in the domain captured by the framework. A framework defines a high-level language with which applications within a domain are created through specialization. Specialization takes place at points of predefined refinement that are called hot sp...

Thin Au films (~5 nm) are known to form island-like structures with small gaps between the islands, which produce intense electric field "hot spots" under visible illumination. In this work, we perform finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations based on experimentally observed high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images of these films in order to study the nature of th...

In previous papers we have discussed high-resolution observations of a large sample of powerful radio galaxies with z < 0.3. Jets are detected in up to 80 per cent of the sample, and radio cores in nearly all the objects; in addition, we are able to resolve the hot spots in most sources. In this paper we present measurements of the radio properties of these components. The prominences of the je...

A method of ray tracing for free-form optical surfaces has been developed. The ray tracing through such surfaces is based on Delaunay triangulation of the discrete data of the surface and is related to finite-element modeling. Some numerical examples of applications to analytical, noisy, and experimental free-form surfaces (in particular, a corneal topography map) are presented. Ray-tracing res...