background: phenol is an estrogenic and toxic compound and people are widely exposed to it, in different ways.  objectives: the aim of this study was to determine  the  negative effects of phenol on the fertility of male mice, by investigating sperm parameters including viability, motility, fertility rates and daily sperm production (dsp). methods: a total of 106 adult nih mice were divided int...

reports indicate that one of the causes of harmful to the genital system, especially the testes is stress. result of damage to testicular quality certainly will affect the quality of sperm fertility. stress could be created secondarily after some pathological conditions such as neurological diseases or environmental factors. one of the causes of stress could be scary voices, such as cat voice f...

Cryopreservation of eggs or ovarian tissue to preserve fertility for patients with cancer has been studied since 1994 with R G Gosden’s paper describing restoration of fertility in oophorectomised sheep, and for decades previously by others in smaller mammals. Clinically this approach has shown great success. Many healthy children have been born from eggs cryopreserved with the Kuwayama egg vit...

BACKGROUND While there has been a considerable amount of research on the association between women’s education and fertility rates, few of these studies have examined the pattern of fertility differentials over the course of the fertility transition. As a country that has experienced a rapid decline in fertility and marked improvements in women’s educational attainment over the last several dec...

Correlations in family size across generations could have a major influence on human population size in the future. Empirical studies have shown that the associations between the fertility of parents and the fertility of children are substantial and growing over time. Despite their potential long-term consequences, intergenerational fertility correlations have largely been ignored by researcher...

Introduction Fertility is a very complex trait, difficult to define, to record and to evaluate all the factors that influence fertility. Fertility is strongly influenced by environmental effects and in part by genetics, the male for fertilization and the female for conception. In general, the fertility trait is hereditary but only to a small degree. There does however exist sufficient genetic v...

Background: With the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines in 2021, concerns arose regarding their impact on male fertility. Therefore, this study investigated effect mRNA- and vector-based vaccination fertility by analyzing sperm parameters subjects with unrestricted restricted Methods: In prospective self before-after control at a single University-based Infertility Center Duesseldorf, Germany, t...

This paper reviews research on education and childbearing in Europe over the last decade. Early demographic attributed declining fertility advanced economies second half of twentieth century to increasing female educational levels. The twenty-first has witnessed further increases attainment coupled with trend reversals fertility. relationship between become more complex, sparking renewed intere...