We study a combinatorial market design problem, where a collection of indivisible objects is to be priced and sold to potential buyers subject to equilibrium constraints. The classic solution concept for such problems is Walrasian Equilibrium (WE), which provides a simple and transparent pricing structure that achieves optimal social welfare. The main weakness of the WE notion is that it exists...

It is one of the central doctrines for ”rational” decision making that an agent should be forward-looking and not be bound by things already gone. We argue that this is not an appealing principle for collective decision making, and that things already gone have necessary and substantive roles. We consider a dynamic process of social welfare orderings explicitly, and propose a discipline which i...

The private sector continues to play social welfare expenditures series.’ Viewed as a share of gross domestic an increasingly important role in financPrivate outlays include a large share product (GDP) as shown in table 1, ing the Nation’s aggregate social welfare of health and medical care expenditures, private sector support of social welfare programs. This note provides estimates as well as ...

This paper examines principles of health care resource allocation based on axioms for individual preferences and distributive justice. We establish axioms for representing individual preferences by quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), as well as axioms for existence of a social welfare function depending only on QALYs. A symmetric Cobb-Douglas social welfare function is characterized by an axio...

Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Umeå International School of Public Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå , Sweden. Department of Social Work, Umeå University, Umeå , Sweden. Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitati...

In a duopoly model of vertical differentiation, we study market equilibrium and the resulting social welfare following an increase in the consumer’s willingness to pay (WTP) for products sold by socially responsible manufacturers. Different types of such changes emerge depending on their effects on consumer heterogeneity. We show that, in most cases, increases in the consumers’ social conscious...

Social choice theory is concerned with the evaluation of alternative methods of collective decision-making, as well as with the logical foundations of welfare economics. In turn, welfare economics is concerned with the critical scrutiny of the performance of actual and/or imaginary economic systems, as well as with the critique, design and implementation of alternative economic policies. The Ha...

i n the past decades, the effect of different tax amendments on various economic issues has been studied. the majority of these studies have avoided considering shadow economy as part of the calculation and analysis, and an issue, which has received little attention, is the relationship between green tax reforms and shadow economy, as for informal labor, which is well-connected to unemployment ...