The potential importance of natural resources for the livelihood of poor rural households has long been recognized but seldom quantified and analyzed. In this paper we apply poverty and inequality measures to national and community level data sets to explore the impacts of resource extraction on rural welfare. Our findings suggest that natural resource extraction reduces both income inequality ...

Oceans are a major source of biodiversity, they provide livelihood, and regulate the global ecosystem by absorbing heat and CO2 . However, they are highly polluted with plastic waste. We are discussing here microbial biotechnology advances with the view to improve the start and the end of life of biodegradable polymers, which could contribute to the sustainable use of marine and coastal ecosyst...

Agriculture, with its allied sectors, is unquestionably the largest livelihood provider in India, more so vast rural areas. It also contributes a significant figure to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Sustainable agriculture, terms of food security, employment, and environmentally sustainable technologies such as soil conservation, natural resource management biodiversity protection, are essential...

Livelihood constitutes a major area of concern in social sciences. It refers to the set activities pursued by an individual order generate resources sustain requirements self and household. strategy has now been vital aspect development process. Government India adopted various policies meet livelihood needs citizen, especially rural areas. The goal is promote sustainable opportunities people a...

1. introduction wetlands are unique ecosystems that often appear on the sidelines of aquatic or terrestrial systems. they are among the most productive ecosystems on earth, the loss of which can lead to disastrous effects on the wild life and biodiversity. scientists believe that the destruction of wetlands results in the extinction of native species and their specific habitat. as the livelihoo...

The net impact of development interventions can depend on the availability of close substitutes to the intervention. We analyze a randomized trial of an innovative anti-poverty program in South India which provides “ultra-poor” households with inputs to create a new, sustainable livelihood. We find no statistically significant evidence of lasting net impact on consumption, income or asset accum...

Drought and famine in Sub-Saharan Africa is among the leading contributory causes of vulnerability in pastoral communities. This paper discusses approaches that allow understanding of pastoral indigenous adaptive strategies to drought and famine. It is argued that understanding pastoral livelihood strategies requires a holistic approach. The paper focused on three key approaches namely: sustain...

Rural populations are undergoing rapid changes in both their livelihoods and land uses, with associated impacts on ecosystems, global biogeochemistry, and climate change. A primary challenge is, thus, to explain these shifts in terms of the actors and processes operating within a variety of land systems in order to understand how land users might respond locally to future changes in broader-sca...

This paper documents the main findings of a study on food insecurity and vulnerability in the Indian state of Orissa in support of promoting interventions for food security and livelihoods at state level. A similar study was undertaken in Himachal Pradesh, India. The paper analyses the main characteristics and causes of food insecurity and vulnerability. It seeks to identify who are vulnerable ...