This study aimed to evaluate the effect of beers on the bovine enamel microhardness. Fifty rectangular (1 x 3 x 1 mm-height x width x thickness) enamel specimens were obtained from permanent bovine incisors, and divided into five groups (n = 10) according to the treatment employed: Saliva, Coke, Brahma, Heineken, and Budweiser. Microhardness (Knoop) were obtained before; after 5, 30 and 60 min ...

field ion microscopy (fim) and scanning tunneling microscopy (stm) have found a wide application in nanotechnology. these microscopes use a metallic nanotip for image acquisition. resolution of fim and stm images depends largely on the radius of nanotip apex; the smaller the radius the higher the resolution. in this research, for tungsten nanotip fabrication, electrochemical etching of tungsten...

objectives: several studies have assessed the characteristics and properties of silorane-based composites and adhesive systems. considering the extensive application of tooth-whitening agents, possible deteriorative effects of tooth bleaching agents on these restorative materials must be studied. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an in-office carbamide peroxide-based tooth ble...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different types of ovarian cycles on reproductive indices and blood metabolites in 61 Holstein cows. Blood samples were taken from each cow between day 12 and day 50 postpartum (PP). Serum progesterone concentrations were measured to determine the onset of luteal function and different types of luteal dysfunctions in cows. Serum glucose, ...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immersion using liquid smoke with different concentrations on germination viability Indigofera zollingeriana. The design used was a completely randomized 4 treatments: A0 = 0% smoke, A20 20% A40 40% A100 100% each treatment replications. parameters observed were viability, mean time, and daily germination. ANOVA analysis showed that had significant but...

this study was conducted in split plot design based on a randomized complete block design in naghadeh region, urmia, iran in 2009-10. two sowing patterns including a1) single row planting with 50 cm between-row spacing, and a2) two rows planting on the hill with 40 cm distance and 50 cm between-row spacing (40×50) were allocated to main plots and four furrow compactions including b1) control, b...