Waste oil is an inexpensive source for biodiesel production, but the high amount of impurities present (free fatty acids, oxidation products) impedes its practical application. The aim of this work is to assess the purification efficiency of the adsorption process with eggshell and its active carbon. Carbonization of eggshell was done at 200 ºC for 4 hours. For activation of the resultant carbo...

We report the discovery of spatially-extended, non-thermal or hot, quasi-thermal emission components in Chandra X-ray spectra for five of a sample of seven massive, merging galaxy clusters with powerful radio halos: Abell 665, 2163, 2255, 2319, and 1E 065756. The emission components can be fitted by power-law models with mean photon indices in the range 1.4 < Γ < 2.0, or by bremsstrahlung emiss...

South Africa has numerous thermal springs that represent topographically driven meteoric water migrating along major fracture zones. The temperature (40-70°C) and pH (8-9) of the thermal springs in the Limpopo Province are very similar to those of the low salinity fracture water encountered in the South African mines at depths ranging from 1.0 to 3.1 km. The major cation and anion composition o...

We report the discovery of spatially-extended, non-thermal or hot, quasi-thermal emission components in Chandra X-ray spectra for five of a sample of seven massive, merging galaxy clusters with powerful radio halos: Abell 665, 2163, 2255, 2319, and 1E 065756. The emission components can be fitted by power-law models with mean photon indices in the range 1.4 < Γ < 2.0, or by bremsstrahlung emiss...

This paper reports the thermal, thermodynamic, thermophysical and surface properties of eight ionic liquids with fluorinated alkyl side chain lengths equal or greater than four carbon atoms. Melting and decomposition temperatures were determined together with experimental densities, surface tensions, refractive indices, dynamic viscosities and ionic conductivities in a temperature interval rang...

Hyperspectral remote-sensing in the reflected infrared and thermal infrared regions offers a unique and efficient alternative for mineral mapping, as most minerals exhibit spectral features in these regions, mainly in the shortwave and longwave infrared. Airborne hyperspectral data in both spectral regions, acquired with the AisaFENIX and AisaOWL (Specim) sensors over Makhtesh Ramon in Israel, ...

The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of L,L-lactide (L-LA) has been studied in bulk using alcohol (either methanol or benzyl alcohol) and 1,3,4-triphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidene carbene, 1, respectively as initiator and non-organometallic catalyst, over a range of temperature and alcohol-to-1 molar ratios. Although 1 is known to perfectly control the polymerization of L-LA in so...