The excellent hydrodynamic properties of fishes enable them to respond rapidly exterior excitation in water. In this study, three types bionic surfaces were designed and manufactured based on the construction mechanical tuna skin. surface coating features these analyzed, their drag reduction performance was investigated a circulating water tunnel. results revealed that effect proportional flexi...

methods in this study, 16 skilled female gymnasts (mean age of 9.62 ± 1.45 years) were randomly categorized to two general warm-up with no stretching (ns, n=8) and general warm-up plus static stretching (ss, n=8) groups. the warm-up protocol included a 10-minute jogging, and the static stretch (ss) protocol included stretching programs on the different parts of body during four weeks, three tim...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine the respective influences of local pulse pressure and mean blood pressure on arterial remodeling in humans at 2 arterial sites: a central, predominantly elastic artery (the common carotid artery) and a peripheral muscular artery (the radial artery). METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-three healthy subjects and 124 never-treated hypertensive pati...

We solve the free boundary problem for the dynamics of a cylindrical, axisymmetric viscoelastic filament stretching in a gravity-driven extensional flow for the Upper Convected Maxwell and Oldroyd-B constitutive models. Assuming the axial stress in the filament has a spatial dependence provides the simplest coupling of viscoelastic effects to the motion of the filament, and yields a closed syst...

Abstract We study the spontaneous out-of-plane bending of a planar untwisted ribbon composed nematic polymer networks activated by change in temperature. Our theory accounts for both stretching and energies, which compete to establish equilibrium. show that when equilibrium is attained these energy components obey complementarity relation: one maximum where other minimum. Moreover, we identify ...

Two-dimensional, averaged over the thickness of layer, mathematical theory spreading a plastic layer on plane has been studied. General and simplified formulations boundary value problem were presented. The stretching strip by forces applied its “clamped” ends was investigated. analysis various modes process carried out, which are determined both total compression force tensile force. Mathemati...

Application of diffuse–interface models (DIM) yields a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) that generally requires a numerical solution. In the analyses of multiphase flows with DIM usually an artificial enlargement of the interface thickness is required for numerical reasons. Replacing the real interface thickness with a numerically acceptable one, while keeping the surface tension...

Nematic polymer networks (NPNs) are nematic elastomers within which the director is enslaved to elastic deformation. The free energy of a NPN sheet thickness $h$ has both stretching and bending components (the former scaling like h, latter $h^3$). sheets bear field $\mathbf{m}$ imprinted in them (usually, uniformly throughout their thickness); they can be activated by changing order (e.g. illum...