BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY In Indian patients, in view of language plurality and illiteracy, self-reporting of English version of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is not practical. Our study aim was to find out to what extent self-reporting of ODI was possible and in cases where self-reporting was not possible, to see validity and reliability of a translator-assisted ODI score. MATERIALS ...

this paper examines th e styl e of sale h hosseini a s a literary translator in his p ersian translation of f aulkner 's the sound and the fury in the light of baker 's universals of translation . first , the paper discusses why in the field of translation the translator 's style seems to be less important than that of the original writer . the paradoxical issue is that if the wr...

A learner-based approach to translator training has already been recognised and discussed in education for the last few years (González-Davies 2004; Kelly 2005; Kiraly 1995, 2000; Massey et al. 2019). With main focus on learning rather than product or process of translation, observed trend translation studies can be called ‘translator studies’ (Chesterman 2009). The tendency teacher-centred gra...

This study was a Persian-English comparative translation investigation on the selected poems of Forough- Farrokhzad, an influential contemporary Iranian poet. Two English translations were analyzed: one by a native Persian speaker, Sholeh Wolpé, an Iranian poet and translator, and the other by a non-native Persian speaker, Jascha Kessler, an American poet, writer and translator. The trans...